Portal:Television

The Television Portal

Flat-screen television receivers on display for sale at a consumer electronics store in 2008

Television (TV) is a telecommunication medium for transmitting moving images and sound. Additionally, the term can refer to a physical television set, rather than the medium of transmission. Television is a mass medium for advertising, entertainment, news, and sports. The medium is capable of more than "radio broadcasting", which refers to an audio signal sent to radio receivers.

Television became available in crude experimental forms in the 1920s, but only after several years of further development was the new technology marketed to consumers. After World War II, an improved form of black-and-white television broadcasting became popular in the United Kingdom and the United States, and television sets became commonplace in homes, businesses, and institutions. During the 1950s, television was the primary medium for influencing public opinion. In the mid-1960s, color broadcasting was introduced in the U.S. and most other developed countries.

In 2013, 79% of the world's households owned a television set. The replacement of earlier cathode-ray tube (CRT) screen displays with compact, energy-efficient, flat-panel alternative technologies such as LCDs (both fluorescent-backlit and LED), OLED displays, and plasma displays was a hardware revolution that began with computer monitors in the late 1990s. Most television sets sold in the 2000s were flat-panel, mainly LEDs. Major manufacturers announced the discontinuation of CRT, Digital Light Processing (DLP), plasma, and even fluorescent-backlit LCDs by the mid-2010s. LEDs are being gradually replaced by OLEDs. Also, major manufacturers have started increasingly producing smart TVs in the mid-2010s. Smart TVs with integrated Internet and Web 2.0 functions became the dominant form of television by the late 2010s. (Full article...)

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Nikki Fernandez and Paulo are fictional characters on the ABC drama television series Lost, which chronicles the lives of over forty people after their plane crashes on a remote island somewhere in the south Pacific. American actress Kiele Sanchez and Brazilian actor Rodrigo Santoro play the survivors of the crash of Oceanic Flight 815. The couple is introduced early in the third season. The producers of the show were often asked what the rest of the plane-crash survivors were doing because the show only focuses on approximately fifteen of the survivors, and the characters of Nikki and Paulo were created in response. Reaction to the characters was generally negative because of their abrupt introduction onto the show. Lost's co-creator/executive producer/head writer show runner Damon Lindelof even acknowledged that the couple is "universally despised" by fans.

Selected image -

Teleprompter in use

A teleprompter (also known as an autocue) is a display device that prompts the person speaking with an electronic visual text of a speech or script. Using a teleprompter is similar to the practice of using cue cards.

Did you know (auto-generated) -

• ... that Laura Robinson invented Canada's best-selling board game before becoming a successful actress and television producer?
• ... that Windows 3.1 had a special version, known as Modular Windows, that was controlled via television?
• ... that Japanese actor Kouhei Higuchi prepared for his role on the television drama adaptation of My Personal Weatherman by learning from a weather forecaster?
• ... that among the special events broadcast by the Maine Television Network during its brief existence were a fashion show, a basketball tournament, and an ordination ceremony?
• ... that Svalbard Minute by Minute, a 221-hour-long television broadcast, is credited with increasing tourism in Svalbard by 25 percent?
• ... that Angelle's debut single was promoted with an entire television channel – and still only reached number 43 on the UK Singles Chart?

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More did you know

• ...that the book The Psychology of The Simpsons uses this TV series to analyze topics in psychology including clinical psychology, cognition and Pavlovian conditioning?

• ...that one of the television advertisements from the Good things come to those who wait Guinness advertising campaign was voted the "Best ad of all time" by the British public?

• ...that Dyesebel, a popular mermaid character in Filipino comic books, cinema and television, was based on Philippine folklore?

• ...that Olivia Newton-John made at least 16 appearances on The Go!! Show, an Australian popular music television series which aired between 1964 to 1967, before she found international success?

• ...that British television programmes including Cluedo and The Forsythe Saga were partly filmed at Arley Hall in Cheshire?

Selected biography -

Sorkin in 2016

Aaron Benjamin Sorkin (born June 9, 1961) is an American playwright, screenwriter, and film director. Born in New York City, he developed a passion for writing at an early age. As a writer for stage, television, and film, Sorkin is recognized for his trademark fast-paced dialogue and extended monologues, complemented by frequent use of the storytelling technique called the "walk and talk". Sorkin has earned numerous accolades including an Academy Award, a BAFTA Award, five Primetime Emmy Awards, and three Golden Globes.

Sorkin rose to prominence as a writer-creator and showrunner of the television series Sports Night (1998–2000), The West Wing (1999–2006), Studio 60 on the Sunset Strip (2006–07), and The Newsroom (2012–14). He is also known for his work on Broadway including the plays A Few Good Men (1989), The Farnsworth Invention (2007), To Kill a Mockingbird (2018), and the revival of Lerner and Loewe's musical Camelot (2023). (Full article...)

General images

The following are images from various television-related articles on Wikipedia.

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  A map depicting digital terrestrial television standards (from Digital television)
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  First television test broadcast transmitted by the NHK Broadcasting Technology Research Institute in May 1939 (from History of television)
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  DBS satellite dishes (from History of television)
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  Philo Farnsworth in 1924 (from History of television)
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  LG Electronics smart TV from 2011 (from Smart TV)
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  RCA 630-TS, the first mass-produced television set, which sold in 1946–1947 (from History of television)
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  Manfred von Ardenne in 1933 (from History of television)
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  An early Smart TV from 2012 running the discontinued Orsay platform (from History of television)
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  Public television in France uses 819 line b&w high definition, from 1959 until 1983 (TF1). (from History of television)
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  Color bars used in a test pattern, sometimes used when no program material is available (from History of television)
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  Smart TVs on display (from Smart TV)
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  The Philco Predicta, 1958. In the collection of The Children's Museum of Indianapolis (from History of television)
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  Samsung's discontinued Orsay platform (from Smart TV)
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  Ad for the beginning of experimental television broadcasting in New York City by RCA in 1939 (from History of television)
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  Baird in 1925 with his televisor equipment and dummies "James" and "Stooky Bill" (right) (from History of television)
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  Family watching TV, 1958 (from History of television)
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  Ferdinand Braun (from History of television)
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  The Nipkow disk. This schematic shows the circular paths traced by the holes, which may also be square for greater precision. The area of the disk outlined in black shows the region scanned. (from History of television)
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  Comparison of image quality between ISDB-T (1080i broadcast, top) and NTSC (480i transmission, bottom) (from Digital television)
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  This live image of actress Paddy Naismith was used to demonstrate Telechrome, John Logie Baird's first all-electronic color television system, which used two projection CRTs. The two-color image would be similar to the basic Telechrome system. (from Color television)
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  Hovannes Adamian c. 1900s (from Color television)
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  A color television test at the Mount Kaukau transmitter site, New Zealand in 1970.
  A test pattern with color bars is used to calibrate the signal. (from Color television)
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  The first mass-produced Czechoslovak TV-set Tesla 4001A (1953–57) (from History of television)
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  RCA CT-100 at the SPARK Museum of Electrical Invention playing Superman. The RCA CT-100 was the first mass-produced color TV set. (from Color television)
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  LG Smart TV using the Web browser (from Smart TV)

  Featured lists -

Featured lists have been determined by the Wikipedia community to be the best lists on English Wikipedia.

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  No. overall	No. in season	Title	Directed by	Written by	Original air date	Prod. code	U.S. viewers (millions)
  51	1	"North by North Quahog"	Peter Shin	Seth MacFarlane	May 1, 2005 (2005-05-01)	4ACX01	11.87
  52	2	"Fast Times at Buddy Cianci Jr. High"	Pete Michels	Ken Goin	May 8, 2005 (2005-05-08)	4ACX02	9.90
  53	3	"Blind Ambition"	Chuck Klein	Steve Callaghan	May 15, 2005 (2005-05-15)	4ACX04	9.26
  54	4	"Don't Make Me Over"	Sarah Frost	Gene Laufenberg	June 5, 2005 (2005-06-05)	4ACX03	7.35
  55	5	"The Cleveland–Loretta Quagmire"	James Purdum	Mike Henry & Patrick Henry	June 12, 2005 (2005-06-12)	4ACX08	8.21
  56	6	"Petarded"	Seth Kearsley	Alec Sulkin & Wellesley Wild	June 19, 2005 (2005-06-19)	4ACX09	7.17
  57	7	"Brian the Bachelor"	Dan Povenmire	Mark Hentemann	June 26, 2005 (2005-06-26)	4ACX10	7.34
  58	8	"8 Simple Rules for Buying My Teenage Daughter"	Greg Colton	Patrick Meighan	July 10, 2005 (2005-07-10)	4ACX11	6.12
  59	9	"Breaking Out Is Hard to Do"	Kurt Dumas	Tom Devanney	July 17, 2005 (2005-07-17)	4ACX12	5.65
  60	10	"Model Misbehavior"	Sarah Frost	Steve Callaghan	July 24, 2005 (2005-07-24)	4ACX13	7.04
  61	11	"Peter's Got Woods"	Chuck Klein & Zac Moncrief	Danny Smith	September 11, 2005 (2005-09-11)	4ACX14	9.13
  62	12	"Perfect Castaway"	James Purdum	John Viener	September 18, 2005 (2005-09-18)	4ACX15	9.59
  63	13	"Jungle Love"	Seth Kearsley	Mark Hentemann	September 25, 2005 (2005-09-25)	4ACX16	8.68
  64	14	"PTV"	Dan Povenmire	Alec Sulkin & Wellesley Wild	November 6, 2005 (2005-11-06)	4ACX17	8.59
  65	15	"Brian Goes Back to College"	Greg Colton	Matt Fleckenstein	November 13, 2005 (2005-11-13)	4ACX18	9.20
  66	16	"The Courtship of Stewie's Father"	Kurt Dumas	Kirker Butler	November 20, 2005 (2005-11-20)	4ACX19	9.08
  67	17	"The Fat Guy Strangler"	Sarah Frost	Chris Sheridan	November 27, 2005 (2005-11-27)	4ACX20	9.85
  68	18	"The Father, the Son, and the Holy Fonz"	James Purdum	Danny Smith	December 18, 2005 (2005-12-18)	4ACX22	8.26
  69	19	"Brian Sings and Swings"	Chuck Klein & Zac Moncrief	Michael Rowe	January 8, 2006 (2006-01-08)	4ACX21	8.10
  70	20	"Patriot Games"	Cyndi Tang	Mike Henry	January 29, 2006 (2006-01-29)	4ACX25	9.08
  71	21	"I Take Thee Quagmire"	Seth Kearsley	Tom Maxwell, Don Woodard & Steve Callaghan	March 12, 2006 (2006-03-12)	4ACX23	8.06
  72	22	"Sibling Rivalry"	Dan Povenmire	Cherry Chevapravatdumrong	March 26, 2006 (2006-03-26)	4ACX24	8.22
  73	23	"Deep Throats"	Greg Colton	Alex Borstein	April 9, 2006 (2006-04-09)	4ACX26	7.83
  74	24	"Peterotica"	Kurt Dumas	Patrick Meighan	April 23, 2006 (2006-04-23)	4ACX27	7.91
  75	25	"You May Now Kiss the... Uh... Guy Who Receives"	Dominic Polcino	David A. Goodman	April 30, 2006 (2006-04-30)	4ACX28	7.45
  76	26	"Petergeist"	Sarah Frost	Alec Sulkin & Wellesley Wild	May 7, 2006 (2006-05-07)	4ACX29	8.47
  77	27	"The Griffin Family History"	Zac Moncrief	John Viener	May 14, 2006 (2006-05-14)	4ACX30	8.03
  78	28	"Stewie B. Goode"	Pete Michels	Gary Janetti & Chris Sheridan	May 21, 2006 (2006-05-21)	4ACX05	8.20
  79	29	"Bango Was His Name, Oh!"	Pete Michels	Alex Borstein	May 21, 2006 (2006-05-21)	4ACX06	7.87
  80	30	"Stu and Stewie's Excellent Adventure"	Pete Michels	Steve Callaghan	May 21, 2006 (2006-05-21)	4ACX07	8.14

  
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  Clark Gregg

  
  The Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU) is a media franchise and shared fictional universe that is the setting of superhero television series based on characters that appear in Marvel Comics publications. Marvel Television released the first series in the universe, Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D., which began airing on ABC during the 2013–14 television season, and was joined by Agent Carter in the 2014–15 television season. Inhumans aired on ABC in the 2017–18 television season. Netflix's Marvel series began in 2015 with Daredevil and Jessica Jones, with Luke Cage releasing in 2016. Those series were followed by Iron Fist, the crossover miniseries The Defenders, and The Punisher in 2017. Additionally, the MCU expanded to Hulu with Runaways, also in 2017, and Helstrom in 2020, and expanded to Freeform with Cloak & Dagger in 2018. Marvel Studios—the production studio behind the MCU feature films—began releasing series in 2021 that feature greater interconnectivity with the films than these series.
  
  Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. is headlined by Clark Gregg in the role of Phil Coulson, while Hayley Atwell stars as Peggy Carter in Agent Carter, both reprising their roles from the MCU films. Anson Mount headlines Inhumans as Black Bolt. Charlie Cox is featured as Matt Murdock / Daredevil in Daredevil, while Krysten Ritter leads as Jessica Jones in Jessica Jones, which also introduces Mike Colter as Luke Cage, who later headlined Luke Cage. Finn Jones stars as Danny Rand / Iron Fist in Iron Fist and joins Cox, Ritter, and Colter in reprising their roles for The Defenders. Jon Bernthal stars as Frank Castle / Punisher in The Punisher, after being introduced in the second season of Daredevil. Runaways co-stars Rhenzy Feliz as Alex Wilder. Cloak & Dagger sees Olivia Holt and Aubrey Joseph as Tandy Bowen / Dagger and Tyrone Johnson / Cloak, respectively. Helstrom stars Tom Austen and Sydney Lemmon as Daimon and Ana Helstrom, respectively. (Full article...)
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  Part of The Bill's opening sequence

  
  The Bill is a British police procedural television series that ran from 1984 to 2010. The show, whose name is derived from "old bill"—a British slang term for police officers—was unusual among police dramas in that it focused on the lives and work of one shift of police officers, rather than on any particular aspect of police work. The series originated in 1983 as a one-off drama titled Woodentop (another British slang term for the police, derived from the helmets worn by British police officers), written by Geoff McQueen and produced by Thames Television. ITV were sufficiently impressed with Woodentop that they commissioned a series, which started in 1984 under the title of The Bill. At the time of the series' end in August 2010, The Bill was the United Kingdom's longest-running police drama and was among the longest-running of any British television series, having run for almost 27 years.
  
  The Bill has earned various awards and nominations during its run, with the nominations in categories ranging from Best Drama to its camera and editing work to the cast's acting performance. It received nominations for eight awards from the British Academy of Film and Television Arts, winning Best Video Cameraman in 1990 and Best Continuing Drama in 2009—an award for which it was unsuccessfully nominated in a further three years. In addition, The Bill enjoyed success at the Inside Soap Awards, where it won Best Drama six times, including four consecutive wins, as well as a nomination in 2010—losing to Waterloo Road. Other awards include a Writers' Guild of Great Britain award for Best Soap/Continuing Drama Series in 2008, Best Serial Drama at the Digital Spy Soap Awards of the same year and a nomination for Most Popular Overseas Drama at the 2005 Logie Awards. The Bill has also received multiple nominations at the EMMAs, National Television Awards, where it won Most Popular Drama in 1996 and 2004, and six Royal Television Society award nominations, having won awards in 2006 and 2008. (Full article...)
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  The Wire is an American crime drama television series created by David Simon and broadcast by the cable network HBO. It premiered on June 2, 2002, and ended on March 9, 2008, comprising sixty episodes over five seasons. Set in Baltimore, Maryland, The Wire follows different institutions within the city, such as the illegal drug trade, the education system, and the media, and their relationships to law enforcement. The series features a diverse ensemble cast of both veteran and novice actors; the large number of black actors was considered groundbreaking for the time.
  
  The Wire has been widely hailed as one of the greatest television series of all time. Despite the critical acclaim, however, the show received relatively few awards during its run. It was nominated for only two Primetime Emmy Awards – both for Outstanding Writing for a Drama Series – and did not win any. Many have called its lack of recognition, especially in the Outstanding Drama Series category, one of the biggest Emmys snubs ever. Some have argued the lack of recognition was due to the show's dense plots and a disconnect between the setting and Los Angeles–based voters. (Full article...)
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  The Bellflower Bunnies (French: La Famille Passiflore) is a children's animated series based on the Beechwood Bunny Tales books by Geneviève Huriet, Amélie Sarn and Loïc Jouannigot. It debuted on TF1, a French television network, on 24 December 2001. Many French and Canadian companies have participated in the show's production over the years; TF1 has always been involved. The series is written by Valérie Baranski, and produced by Patricia Robert. Moran Caouissin directed the first season, and Eric Berthier did the last two.
  
  The show centres on the adventures and exploits of the Bellflower family, a clan of seven rabbits who live in Beechwood Grove. The two adults in the family, Papa Bramble and Aunt Zinnia, take care of their five children: Periwinkle, Poppy, Mistletoe, Dandelion and Violette. (Full article...)
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  Season	Episodes		Originally aired
  			First aired	Last aired	Network
  1	8		April 8, 1990 (1990-04-08)	May 23, 1990 (1990-05-23)	ABC
  2	22		September 30, 1990 (1990-09-30)	June 10, 1991 (1991-06-10)
  Fire Walk with Me			August 28, 1992 (1992-08-28)		N/A
  3	18		May 21, 2017 (2017-05-21)	September 3, 2017 (2017-09-03)	Showtime

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  The Devil May Cry anime series is directed by Shin Itagaki and produced by Madhouse. The English adaptation of the anime has been licensed by Funimation Entertainment. They are based on the Devil May Cry video game series produced by Capcom. The background of the storyline is primarily based on the first and third installments of the series, Devil May Cry and Devil May Cry 3: Dante's Awakening respectively. The series follows the daily life of demon hunter Dante as he adopts a young girl named Patty Lowell and faces off against a demon seeking to attain godhood.
  
  The anime was originally announced at the Tokyo Game Show on September 22, 2006, with plans to release twelve episodes of the series. Unlike most anime, the episode titles were released in English instead of the customary Japanese. The first episode aired on June 14, 2007, with the twelfth shown on September 6, 2007. The episodes aired on WOWOW. On June 30, 2007, at Anime Expo 07, it was announced that ADV Films had licensed the show. However, in 2008, it became one of more than 30 titles that were transferred to Funimation. The series made its North American television debut on the Funimation Channel in September 2010 and it began airing on Chiller's Anime Wednesdays block on July 15, 2015. (Full article...)
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  The Carry On series is a long-running British sequence of comedy films, stage shows and television programmes produced between 1958 and 1992. Distributed by Anglo-Amalgamated from 1958 to 1966, and the Rank Organisation from 1967 to 1978, the films were all made at Pinewood Studios. The series' humour relied largely on innuendo and double entendre. There were thirty-one films, four TV Christmas specials, one television series of thirteen episodes, and three West End and provincial stage plays, all made on time and to a strict budget.
  
  Peter Rogers and Gerald Thomas were the series' sole producer and director respectively. They mostly employed the same crew and a regular group of actors. The main cast predominantly featured Sid James, Kenneth Williams, Charles Hawtrey, Joan Sims, Kenneth Connor, Peter Butterworth, Hattie Jacques, Terry Scott, Bernard Bresslaw, Barbara Windsor, Jack Douglas and Jim Dale. The Carry Ons comprise the largest number of films of any British series and, next to the James Bond films, are the second-longest continually-running UK film series (with a fourteen-year hiatus between 1978 and 1992). Between 1958 and 1992, there were seven writers, principally Norman Hudis (1958–62) and Talbot Rothwell (1963–74). The films were scored by three different composers: Bruce Montgomery from 1958–62; Eric Rogers (1963–75, 1977–78) and Max Harris who scored the 1976 film Carry On England. (Full article...)
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  Swift at the premiere of Hannah Montana: The Movie in 2009

  
  The American singer-songwriter Taylor Swift has appeared in 61 music videos, 13 of which she self-directed. She has released five documentaries, acted in a number of films and television shows, and directed a concert documentary and short film.
  
  Swift's first music video was for her debut single "Tim McGraw", from her 2006 self-titled debut studio album. It was directed by Trey Fanjoy, who worked on award-winning music videos for Swift's singles from 2006 to 2009. The music video for "Our Song" won Video of the Year at the 2008 CMT Music Awards. Swift's second studio album, Fearless (2008), was supported by the music videos for "Love Story" and "You Belong with Me". In 2009, the former won Video of the Year at both the CMT Music Awards and the Country Music Association Awards, and the latter won Best Female Video at the MTV Video Music Awards. Swift's first self-directed music video was for her 2010 album Speak Nows lead single, "Mine", which she directed with Roman White. ('Full article...)
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  Fate/stay night is an anime based on the visual novel Fate/stay night by Type-Moon. The episodes are directed by Yūji Yamaguchi, animated by Studio Deen and produced by the Fate Project, which included Geneon Entertainment, TBS, CREi, Type-Moon and Frontier Works Inc. The story of the series is primarily based on the Fate storyline in the Fate/stay night visual novel, although certain elements of the other two storylines, Unlimited Blade Works and Heaven's Feel, are incorporated into the plot.
  
  The episodes were originally aired from January 7 to June 17, 2006, in Japan on Television Saitama and at later dates on CTC, KBS, tvk, Tokyo MX, Sun TV, TV Aichi and AT-X. The series later received its international television premieres on the anime television network Animax in 2007, also receiving its English-language television premiere on Animax's English networks in Southeast Asia from June 2007, as well as its other networks in South Korea, Hong Kong and other regions. (Full article...)
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No. overall	No. in season	Title	Directed by	Written by	Original air date	Prod. code	U.S. viewers (millions)
81	1	"Stewie Loves Lois"	Mike Kim	Mark Hentemann	September 10, 2006 (2006-09-10)	4ACX32	9.93
82	2	"Mother Tucker"	James Purdum	Tom Devanney	September 17, 2006 (2006-09-17)	4ACX31	9.23
83	3	"Hell Comes to Quahog"	Dan Povenmire	Kirker Butler	September 24, 2006 (2006-09-24)	4ACX33	9.66
84	4	"Saving Private Brian"	Cyndi Tang	Cherry Chevapravatdumrong	November 5, 2006 (2006-11-05)	4ACX34	8.45
85	5	"Whistle While Your Wife Works"	Greg Colton	Steve Callaghan	November 12, 2006 (2006-11-12)	4ACX35	9.04
86	6	"Prick Up Your Ears"	James Purdum	Cherry Chevapravatdumrong	November 19, 2006 (2006-11-19)	5ACX01	9.30
87	7	"Chick Cancer"	Pete Michels	Alec Sulkin & Wellesley Wild	November 26, 2006 (2006-11-26)	5ACX02	9.49
88	8	"Barely Legal"	Zac Moncrief	Kirker Butler	December 17, 2006 (2006-12-17)	5ACX03	8.91
89	9	"Road to Rupert"	Dan Povenmire	Patrick Meighan	January 28, 2007 (2007-01-28)	5ACX04	8.80
90	10	"Peter's Two Dads"	Cyndi Tang	Danny Smith	February 11, 2007 (2007-02-11)	5ACX05	7.97
91	11	"The Tan Aquatic with Steve Zissou"	Julius Wu	Mark Hentemann	February 18, 2007 (2007-02-18)	5ACX06	8.53
92	12	"Airport '07"	John Holmquist	Tom Devanney	March 4, 2007 (2007-03-04)	5ACX08	8.59
93	13	"Bill & Peter's Bogus Journey"	Dominic Polcino	Steve Callaghan	March 11, 2007 (2007-03-11)	5ACX07	8.05
94	14	"No Meals on Wheels"	Greg Colton	Mike Henry	March 25, 2007 (2007-03-25)	5ACX09	7.97
95	15	"Boys Do Cry"	Brian Iles	Cherry Chevapravatdumrong	April 29, 2007 (2007-04-29)	5ACX10	8.13
96	16	"No Chris Left Behind"	Pete Michels	Patrick Meighan	May 6, 2007 (2007-05-06)	5ACX11	7.95
97	17	"It Takes a Village Idiot, and I Married One"	Zac Moncrief	Alex Borstein	May 13, 2007 (2007-05-13)	5ACX12	7.22
98	18	"Meet the Quagmires"	Dan Povenmire & Chris Robertson	Mark Hentemann	May 20, 2007 (2007-05-20)	5ACX13	9.15

Season	Episodes		Originally aired		Rank	Average viewers (in millions inc. DVR)
			First aired	Last aired
1	13		September 19, 2016 (2016-09-19)	January 19, 2017 (2017-01-19)	77	5.72
2	13		September 20, 2017 (2017-09-20)	February 1, 2018 (2018-02-01)	77	5.78
3	13		September 27, 2018 (2018-09-27)	January 24, 2019 (2019-01-24)	99	4.57
4	14		September 26, 2019 (2019-09-26)	January 30, 2020 (2020-01-30)	92	3.56

(Full article...)

Season	Episodes		Originally aired		Rank	Viewers (in millions)
			First aired	Last aired
1	7		January 31, 1999	May 16, 1999	33	12.80
2	21		September 23, 1999	August 1, 2000	114	—
3	22		July 11, 2001	November 9, 2003	125	4.50
4	30		May 1, 2005	May 21, 2006	68	7.90
5	18		September 10, 2006	May 20, 2007	71	7.20
6	12		September 23, 2007	May 4, 2008	84	7.94
7	16		September 28, 2008	May 17, 2009	69	7.56
8	21		September 27, 2009	June 20, 2010	53	7.73
9	18		September 26, 2010	May 22, 2011	56	7.66
10	23		September 25, 2011	May 20, 2012	63	7.30
11	22		September 30, 2012	May 19, 2013	62	6.94
12	21		September 29, 2013	May 18, 2014	78	6.11
13	18		September 28, 2014	May 17, 2015	94	5.86
14	20		September 27, 2015	May 22, 2016	111	4.28
15	20		September 25, 2016	May 21, 2017	116	3.93
16	20		October 1, 2017	May 20, 2018	136	3.52
17	20		September 30, 2018	May 12, 2019	131	3.33
18	20		September 29, 2019	May 17, 2020	107	2.65
19	20		September 27, 2020	May 16, 2021	120	2.19
20	20		September 26, 2021	May 22, 2022	111	1.90
21	20		September 25, 2022	May 7, 2023	104	1.64
22	15		October 1, 2023	April 17, 2024 (2024-04-17)	TBA	TBA

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Rihanna at the Cannes Film Festival in 2017

Rihanna has released four video albums and appeared in 62 music videos, 12 films, 13 television programs, and several television commercials. In 2005, Rihanna signed a recording contract with Def Jam Recordings and released her debut single "Pon de Replay", taken from her first studio album Music of the Sun (2005). Like its lyrical theme, the music video for the song was inspired by disco and dance; it was directed by Little X. Three separate videos were released for "SOS", the lead single from her second studio album A Girl like Me (2006), all of which contained various dance sequences. The same year, American director Anthony Mandler directed the accompanying music video for the second single "Unfaithful", which featured Rihanna in a dangerous love triangle with her lover and her husband. "Unfaithful" was Rihanna's first collaboration with Mandler; they later worked together regularly. Also in 2006, Rihanna played herself in the third installment of the Bring It On film series, entitled Bring It On: All or Nothing.

The music video for "Umbrella", the lead single from her third studio album Good Girl Gone Bad (2007), was directed by Chris Applebaum and featured scenes of Rihanna naked and covered in silver paint. It won the Video of the Year accolade at the 2007 MTV Video Music Awards. Seven more singles, accompanied with separate music videos directed by Mandler, were released from the album. Rihanna flew to Europe to shoot the music videos for the 2007 singles "Shut Up and Drive" and "Don't Stop the Music" in Prague. "Russian Roulette", the lead single from Rihanna's fourth studio album Rated R (2009), featured a cameo appearance by American actor and model Jesse Williams. The music video for the second single, "Hard", was directed by Melina Matsoukas, who also directed the videos for Rihanna's 2010 singles, "Rude Boy" and "Rockstar 101". The same year, Rihanna provided vocals for Eminem's "Love the Way You Lie". The song's accompanying music video features actors Dominic Monaghan and Megan Fox in a love-hate relationship while Eminem and Rihanna perform in front of a burning house. In 2010, Rihanna also filmed the scenes for her second film appearance in Battleship, which was released in April 2012. (Full article...)

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