Chlamydia infection: Difference between revisions

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Chlamydia infection (from the Greek, χλαμύδος meaning "cloak") is a common sexually transmitted infection (STI) in humans. It is caused by the bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis. It can be treated with antibiotics. The term Chlamydia infection can also refer to infections caused by any species belonging to the bacterial family Chlamydiaceae. C. trachomatis is only in humans.^[1] Chlamydia is a major infectious cause of human genital and eye disease.

The infection is one of the most common sexually transmitted infections in people worldwide – about 2.8 million cases of chlamydia infection occur in the United States each year.^[2] It is the most common bacterial STI in humans.^[3]

C. trachomatis naturally lives only inside human cells. Chlamydia can be transmitted during vaginal, anal, or oral sex. It can also be passed from an infected mother to her baby during vaginal childbirth. Many people with Chlamydia show no symptoms of infection. Between half and three-quarters of all women who have chlamydia have no symptoms and do not know that they are infected. Untreated, chlamydial infections can cause serious reproductive and other health problems with both short-term and long-term consequences.

Chlamydia conjunctivitis or trachoma is a common cause of blindness worldwide. The World Health Organization estimates that it accounted for 15% of blindness cases in 1995, but only 3.6% in 2002.^[4]^[5]^[6]

References

↑ "www.chlamydiae.com (professional) - Taxonomy diagram". Archived from the original on 2010-09-18. Retrieved 2007-10-27.
↑ Chlamydia fact sheet from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
↑ Gerbase AC, Rowley JT, Mertens TE (1998). "Global epidemiology of sexually transmitted diseases". Lancet. 351 (Suppl 3): 2–4. doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(98)90001-0. PMID 9652711. S2CID 28976125.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
↑ Thylefors B, Négrel AD, Pararajasegaram R, Dadzie KY (1995). "Global data on blindness" (PDF). Bull World Health Organ. 73 (1): 115–21. PMC 2486591. PMID 7704921. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2008-06-25. Retrieved 2008-09-21.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
↑ Resnikoff S, Pascolini D, Etya'ale D; et al. (2004). "Global data on visual impairment in the year 2002" (PDF). Bull World Health Organ. 82 (11): 844–851. PMC 2623053. PMID 15640920.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
↑ Belland R, Ojcius D, Byrne G (2004). "Chlamydia". Nat Rev Microbiol. 2 (7): 530–1. doi:10.1038/nrmicro931. PMID 15248311. S2CID 11486211.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

Other websites

Resources, symptoms list and guidelines about Chlamydia Archived 2013-04-07 at the Wayback Machine

[1] "www.chlamydiae.com (professional) - Taxonomy diagram". Archived from the original on 2010-09-18. Retrieved 2007-10-27.

[2] Chlamydia fact sheet from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

[STI-epidemiology-3] Gerbase AC, Rowley JT, Mertens TE (1998). "Global epidemiology of sexually transmitted diseases". Lancet. 351 (Suppl 3): 2–4. doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(98)90001-0. PMID 9652711. S2CID 28976125.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

[WHO1995-4] Thylefors B, Négrel AD, Pararajasegaram R, Dadzie KY (1995). "Global data on blindness" (PDF). Bull World Health Organ. 73 (1): 115–21. PMC 2486591. PMID 7704921. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2008-06-25. Retrieved 2008-09-21.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

[WHO2002-5] Resnikoff S, Pascolini D, Etya'ale D; et al. (2004). "Global data on visual impairment in the year 2002" (PDF). Bull World Health Organ. 82 (11): 844–851. PMC 2623053. PMID 15640920.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

[NatRevMicrobiol-6] Belland R, Ojcius D, Byrne G (2004). "Chlamydia". Nat Rev Microbiol. 2 (7): 530–1. doi:10.1038/nrmicro931. PMID 15248311. S2CID 11486211.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

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 The term ''Chlamydia infection'' can also refer to infections caused by any [[species]] belonging to the bacterial [[family (biology)|family]] ''[[Chlamydiaceae]]''. ''C. trachomatis'' is only in humans.<ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.chlamydiae.com/docs/Chlamydiales/diagram/taxondiag.htm|title= www.chlamydiae.com (professional) - Taxonomy diagram|accessdate= 2007-10-27|format= |archive-date= 2010-09-18|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20100918212158/http://chlamydiae.com/docs/Chlamydiales/diagram/taxondiag.htm|url-status= dead}}</ref> Chlamydia is a major infectious cause of human [[genital]] and [[eye disease]].
-The infection is one of the most common sexually transmitted infections in people worldwide – about 2.8 million cases of chlamydia infection occur in the [[United States]] each year.<ref>[https://www.cdc.gov/std/Chlamydia/STDFact-Chlamydia.htm Chlamydia fact sheet from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention]</ref> It is the most common bacterial STI in humans.<ref name="STI-epidemiology">{{cite journal |author=Gerbase AC, Rowley JT, Mertens TE |title=Global epidemiology of sexually transmitted diseases |journal=Lancet |volume=351 Suppl 3 |issue= |pages=2–4 |year=1998 |pmid=9652711 |doi=10.1016/s0140-6736(98)90001-0|s2cid=28976125 }}</ref>
+The infection is one of the most common sexually transmitted infections in people worldwide – about 2.8 million cases of chlamydia infection occur in the [[United States]] each year.<ref>[https://www.cdc.gov/std/Chlamydia/STDFact-Chlamydia.htm Chlamydia fact sheet from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention]</ref> It is the most common bacterial STI in humans.<ref name="STI-epidemiology">{{cite journal |author=Gerbase AC, Rowley JT, Mertens TE |title=Global epidemiology of sexually transmitted diseases |journal=Lancet |volume=351 |issue= Suppl 3|pages=2–4 |year=1998 |pmid=9652711 |doi=10.1016/s0140-6736(98)90001-0|s2cid=28976125 }}</ref>
 ''C. trachomatis'' naturally lives only inside human cells. Chlamydia can be transmitted during [[sexual intercourse|vaginal]], [[anal sex|anal]], or [[oral sex]]. It can also be [[Vertical transmission|passed from an infected mother to her baby]] during vaginal [[childbirth]]. Many people with Chlamydia show no symptoms of infection. Between half and three-quarters of all women who have chlamydia have no symptoms and do not know that they are infected. Untreated, chlamydial infections can cause serious reproductive and other health problems with both short-term and long-term consequences.