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{{short description|Genus of turtles}}
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{{More citations needed|date=April 2008}}
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'''''Stylemys''''' (meaning "pillar turtle") is the first [[fossil]] genus of dry land [[tortoise]] belonging to the order [[Testudines]] discovered in the [[United States]]. The genus lived in temperate to subtropical areas of North America, [[Europe]], and [[Asia]], based on fossil distribution.<ref name="Redefinition">{{cite journal |last=Auffenberg |first=Walter |year=1964 |title=A Redefinition of the Fossil Tortoise Genus ''Stylemys'' Leidy |journal=Journal of Paleontology |volume=38 |issue=2 |pages=316–324 |jstor=1301552 }}</ref> The genus was first described in 1851 by [[Joseph Leidy]].<ref>{{cite journal |last=Leidy |first=J. |year=1851 |title=Description of Stylemys nebrascensis |journal=Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. |volume=5 |issue= |pages=172–173 |ref=harv }}</ref> The tortoise was common in the [[prehistoric]] [[Badlands]], especially [[Nebraska]] and [[South Dakota]]. The species has also been found in the formations in and around [[Badlands National Park]].
'''''Stylemys''''' (meaning "pillar turtle") is the first [[fossil]] genus of dry land [[tortoise]] belonging to the order [[Testudines]] discovered in the [[United States]]. The genus lived in temperate to subtropical areas of North America, [[Europe]], and [[Asia]], based on fossil distribution.<ref name="Redefinition">{{cite journal |last=Auffenberg |first=Walter |year=1964 |title=A Redefinition of the Fossil Tortoise Genus ''Stylemys'' Leidy |journal=Journal of Paleontology |volume=38 |issue=2 |pages=316–324 |jstor=1301552 }}</ref> The genus was first described in 1851 by [[Joseph Leidy]].<ref>{{cite journal |last=Leidy |first=J. |year=1851 |title=Description of Stylemys nebrascensis |journal=Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. |volume=5 |pages=172–173 }}</ref> The tortoise was common in the [[prehistoric]] [[Badlands]], especially [[Nebraska]] and [[South Dakota]]. The species has also been found in the formations in and around [[Badlands National Park]]. Fossil fragments have also been found in the [[Palm Park Formation]] of [[New Mexico]].<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Lucas |first1=Spencer G. |author1-link=Spencer G. Lucas |last2=Williamson |first2=Thomas E. |year=1993 |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/286048768 |access-date=2 August 2020 |title=Eocene vertebrates and late Laramide stratigraphy of New Mexico |journal=New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science Bulletin |volume=2 |pages=145–157}}</ref>



The ancient tortoises had primitive [[jaw]] muscles, unlike today's tortoises, which also display the ''[[os transiliens]]'' bone, and would have been [[herbivorous]]. While ''Stylemys'' species did exhibit the same neck structure as modern tortoises, the forelimbs were unsuitable for burrowing, setting them apart from modern genera.
The ancient tortoises had primitive [[jaw]] muscles, unlike today's tortoises, which also display the ''[[os transiliens]]'' bone, and would have been [[herbivorous]]. While ''Stylemys'' species did exhibit the same neck structure as modern tortoises, the forelimbs were unsuitable for burrowing, setting them apart from modern genera.
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==References==
==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{Reflist}}
* {{cite book |title=Discovering Fossils: How to Find and Identify Remains of the Prehistoric Past |series=Fossils & Dinosaurs |first=Frank A. |last=Garcia |first2=Donald S. |last2=Miller |first3=Jasper |last3=Burns |year=1998 |location= |publisher= |isbn=0-8117-2800-5 |url-access=registration |url=https://archive.org/details/discoveringfossi00garc }}
* {{cite book |title=Discovering Fossils: How to Find and Identify Remains of the Prehistoric Past |series=Fossils & Dinosaurs |first1=Frank A. |last1=Garcia |first2=Donald S. |last2=Miller |first3=Jasper |last3=Burns |year=1998 |isbn=0-8117-2800-5 |url-access=registration |url=https://archive.org/details/discoveringfossi00garc }}
* {{cite book |title=A Pictorial Guide to Fossils |first=Gerard Ramon |last=Case |year=1992 |isbn=0-89464-678-8 }}
* {{cite book |title=A Pictorial Guide to Fossils |first=Gerard Ramon |last=Case |year=1992 |publisher=Krieger Publishing Company |isbn=0-89464-678-8 }}
* https://web.archive.org/web/20080521150612/http://cumuseum.colorado.edu/Research/Objects/jun06_tortoise.html
* https://web.archive.org/web/20080521150612/http://cumuseum.colorado.edu/Research/Objects/jun06_tortoise.html
* http://www.paleoclones.com/item.php?item=929
* http://www.paleoclones.com/item.php?item=929
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{{Portal|Paleontology}}
{{Portal|Paleontology}}
{{Extinct turtles}}
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{{Taxonbar|from=Q7629449}}
{{Testudinidae}}


[[Category:Testudinidae]]
[[Category:Testudinidae]]

Latest revision as of 10:45, 23 February 2024

Stylemys
Temporal range: late Eocene to early Oligocene
Skeleton
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Reptilia
Order: Testudines
Suborder: Cryptodira
Superfamily: Testudinoidea
Family: Testudinidae
Genus: †Stylemys
Leidy 1851

Stylemys (meaning "pillar turtle") is the first fossil genus of dry land tortoise belonging to the order Testudines discovered in the United States. The genus lived in temperate to subtropical areas of North America, Europe, and Asia, based on fossil distribution.[1] The genus was first described in 1851 by Joseph Leidy.[2] The tortoise was common in the prehistoric Badlands, especially Nebraska and South Dakota. The species has also been found in the formations in and around Badlands National Park. Fossil fragments have also been found in the Palm Park Formation of New Mexico.[3]


The ancient tortoises had primitive jaw muscles, unlike today's tortoises, which also display the os transiliens bone, and would have been herbivorous. While Stylemys species did exhibit the same neck structure as modern tortoises, the forelimbs were unsuitable for burrowing, setting them apart from modern genera.

Species[edit]

A number of species have been described since the genus was named in 1851.[4]

Time period[edit]

Eon: Phanerozoic Era: Cenozoic Period: Paleogene Epoch: Eocene

  • S. botti
  • S. calaverensis
  • S. canetotiana
  • S. capax
  • S. conspecta
  • S. copei
  • S. emiliae
  • S. frizaciana
  • S. karakolensis
  • S. nebrascensis (syn. S. amphithorax)
  • S. neglectus
  • S. oregonensis
  • S. pygmea
  • S. uintensis
  • S. undabuna
  • Stylemys conspecta from Tertiary in Oregon
    Stylemys conspecta from Tertiary in Oregon
  • Stylemys nebrascensis shell at the Museum für Naturkunde, Berlin
    Stylemys nebrascensis shell at the Museum für Naturkunde, Berlin

References[edit]

  1. ^ Auffenberg, Walter (1964). "A Redefinition of the Fossil Tortoise Genus Stylemys Leidy". Journal of Paleontology. 38 (2): 316–324. JSTOR 1301552.
  2. ^ Leidy, J. (1851). "Description of Stylemys nebrascensis". Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. 5: 172–173.
  3. ^ Lucas, Spencer G.; Williamson, Thomas E. (1993). "Eocene vertebrates and late Laramide stratigraphy of New Mexico". New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science Bulletin. 2: 145–157. Retrieved 2 August 2020.
  4. ^ The Paleobiology Database


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