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{{Short description|British physician, medical spokesman, radio speaker, and member of parliament}} |
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{{EngvarB|date=September 2013}} |
{{EngvarB|date=September 2013}} |
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{{Use dmy dates|date= |
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2024}} |
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{{more citations needed|date=November 2009}} |
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{{Infobox officeholder |
{{Infobox officeholder |
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|honorific-prefix = [[The Right Honourable]] |
|honorific-prefix = [[The Right Honourable]] |
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|office = [[Board of Governors of the BBC|Chairman of the Board of Governors of the BBC]] |
|office = [[Board of Governors of the BBC|Chairman of the Board of Governors of the BBC]] |
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|deputy = [[Robert Lusty]]<br />[[John Fulton, Baron Fulton|The Lord Fulton]] |
|deputy = [[Robert Lusty]]<br />[[John Fulton, Baron Fulton|The Lord Fulton]] |
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|primeminister= [[Harold Wilson]] |
|primeminister= [[Harold Wilson]]<br />[[Edward Heath]] |
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|term_start = 1967 |
|term_start = 1 September 1967 |
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|term_end = 1972 |
|term_end = 14 December 1972 |
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|predecessor =[[Norman Brook, 1st Baron Normanbrook|The Lord Normanbrook]] |
|predecessor =[[Norman Brook, 1st Baron Normanbrook|The Lord Normanbrook]] |
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|successor = [[Michael Swann|Sir Michael Swann]] |
|successor = [[Michael Swann|Sir Michael Swann]] |
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'''Charles Hill, Baron Hill of Luton''', [[Privy Council of the United Kingdom|PC]] (15 January 1904 – 22 August 1989) was a British physician and medical spokesman, radio speaker, member of parliament, government minister and broadcasting executive. |
'''Charles Hill, Baron Hill of Luton''', [[Privy Council of the United Kingdom|PC]] (15 January 1904 – 22 August 1989) was a British physician and medical spokesman, radio speaker, member of parliament, government minister and broadcasting executive.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |date=23 Aug 1989 |title=Obituary - Baron Hill of Luton |url=https://www.gale.com/intl/c/the-times-digital-archive |access-date=15 Mar 2024 |website=Times Digital Archive}}</ref> |
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== Early life and career == |
== Early life and career == |
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Charles Hill was born in [[Islington]], London and was educated at [[St Olave's Grammar School]] in [[Southwark]], London. He won a scholarship to [[Trinity College, Cambridge]] where he gained a first class degree. He continued his medical studies at the [[London Hospital]] gaining [[Membership of the Royal College of Surgeons|MRCS]] and [[Membership of the Royal College of Physicians|MRCP]] in 1927 and later he gained MB, BCh and MD. He became Deputy Medical Officer of Oxford in 1930. He became Assistant Secretary of the [[British Medical Association]] from 1932 and Secretary from 1944 to 1950. |
Charles Hill was born in [[Islington]], London and was educated at [[St Olave's Grammar School]] in [[Southwark]], London. He won a scholarship to [[Trinity College, Cambridge]], where he gained a first class degree. He continued his medical studies at the [[London Hospital]] gaining [[Membership of the Royal College of Surgeons|MRCS]] and [[Membership of the Royal College of Physicians|MRCP]] in 1927 and later he gained MB, BCh and MD. He became Deputy Medical Officer of Oxford in 1930. He became Assistant Secretary of the [[British Medical Association]] from 1932 and Secretary from 1944 to 1950.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Hill, Charles, Baron Hill of Luton (1904–1989), doctor, politician, and broadcaster |url=https://www.oxforddnb.com/display/10.1093/ref:odnb/9780198614128.001.0001/odnb-9780198614128-e-40159 |access-date=2024-03-14 |website=Oxford Dictionary of National Biography |language=en |doi=10.1093/ref:odnb/40159}}</ref> |
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During the [[Second World War]], the Ministry of Health had wanted the [[BBC]] to infiltrate health messages into ordinary programmes rather than have dedicated programmes from the [[Minister of Food (United Kingdom)|Ministry of Food]], but the BBC warned that this would not be effective and would be viewed by listeners as patronising. Consequently, Hill's role as the "Radio Doctor" became part of the Ministry of Food's programme, ''Kitchen Front'', broadcast every morning from 1942. Because of the then rules about members of the medical profession advertising he could not broadcast under his own name, and so was just 'The Radio Doctor'. His distinctive rich voice helped make an impact. |
During the [[Second World War]], the Ministry of Health had wanted the [[BBC]] to infiltrate health messages into ordinary programmes rather than have dedicated programmes from the [[Minister of Food (United Kingdom)|Ministry of Food]], but the BBC warned that this would not be effective and would be viewed by listeners as patronising. Consequently, Hill's role as the "Radio Doctor" became part of the Ministry of Food's programme, ''Kitchen Front'', broadcast every morning from 1942.<ref>{{Cite journal |date=1943 |title=Notes On Books |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/20326877 |journal=The British Medical Journal |volume=2 |issue=4309 |pages=170–170 |issn=0007-1447}}</ref> Because of the then rules about members of the medical profession advertising he could not broadcast under his own name, and so was just 'The Radio Doctor'. His distinctive rich voice helped make an impact.<ref name=":2" /> |
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Hill was still the BMA's Secretary when the [[National Health Service]] was introduced in 1948. He negotiated with [[Aneurin Bevan]] and ensured that [[general practitioner]]s did not simply become salaried employees. |
Hill was still the BMA's Secretary when the [[National Health Service]] was introduced in 1948. He negotiated with [[Aneurin Bevan]] and ensured that [[general practitioner]]s did not simply become salaried employees.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1">{{Cite journal |date=1989-09-09 |title=Obituary |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1837582/ |journal=BMJ : British Medical Journal |volume=299 |issue=6700 |pages=675–677 |issn=0959-8138 |pmc=1837582}}</ref> |
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== Political career == |
== Political career == |
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Hill stood for [[British Parliament|Parliament]] for [[University of Cambridge (UK Parliament constituency)|University of Cambridge]] in 1945 as an independent. He was successful in 1950, becoming [[Member of Parliament (United Kingdom)|MP]] for [[Luton (UK Parliament constituency)|Luton]] as a [[Conservative Party (UK)|Conservative and National Liberal]]. |
Hill stood for [[British Parliament|Parliament]] for [[University of Cambridge (UK Parliament constituency)|University of Cambridge]] in 1945 as an independent. He was successful in 1950, becoming [[Member of Parliament (United Kingdom)|MP]] for [[Luton (UK Parliament constituency)|Luton]] as a [[Conservative Party (UK)|Conservative and National Liberal]].<ref>{{Cite journal |date=1950 |title=Doctors In Parliament |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/25375319 |journal=The British Medical Journal |volume=1 |issue=4652 |pages=533–533 |issn=0007-1447}}</ref> |
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He was appointed [[Parliamentary Secretary to the Ministry of Food]] in 1951. He became the [[ |
He was appointed [[Parliamentary Secretary to the Ministry of Food]] in 1951. He became the [[Postmaster General of the United Kingdom|Postmaster-General]] (a non-cabinet ministerial position with responsibilities that included broadcasting) in 1955; during his period in office he publicly berated the [[BBC]] for its reporting of the [[Suez Crisis]]. In May 1956, [[1956 in British radio|Hill attempted to formalise the existing agreement]] by which discussions or statements about matters before Parliament could not be broadcast in the fortnight preceding any debate (the 'fourteen-day rule'). However, the Suez Crisis rendered this policy unworkable in practice and the government agreed to its suspension at the end of the year. Hill, who had been uneasy about the implications of the rule for freedom of expression, was relieved.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Ruff |first=Daniel |date=2021-01-01 |title=Surviving the Committee of Enquiry: A Thriving BBC (1922–1995) |url=https://journals.openedition.org/rfcb/7171 |journal=Revue Française de Civilisation Britannique. French Journal of British Studies |language=en |volume=XXVI |issue=1 |doi=10.4000/rfcb.7171 |issn=0248-9015|doi-access=free }}</ref> |
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From 1957 to 1961, he was [[Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster]] and from 1961 he was [[Ministry of Housing and Local Government|Minister of Housing and Local Government]] and [[Minister of Welsh Affairs|Welsh Affairs]], but he lost his place in the Cabinet in [[Harold Macmillan]]'s '[[Night of the Long Knives (1962)|Night of the Long Knives]]' reshuffle in 1962. |
From 1957 to 1961, he was [[Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster]] and from 1961 he was [[Ministry of Housing and Local Government|Minister of Housing and Local Government]] and [[Minister of Welsh Affairs|Welsh Affairs]],<ref>{{Cite journal |date=1961 |title=New Office For Dr. Charles Hill |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/20355118 |journal=The British Medical Journal |volume=2 |issue=5258 |pages=1009–1009 |issn=0007-1447}}</ref> but he lost his place in the Cabinet in [[Harold Macmillan]]'s '[[Night of the Long Knives (1962)|Night of the Long Knives]]' reshuffle in 1962.<ref name=":1" /> |
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== Post-political career == |
== Post-political career == |
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He was appointed as the Chairman of the [[Independent Television Authority]] in 1963, where he continued his hostile attitude towards the BBC. He was created a [[life peer]] on 13 June 1963 as '''Baron Hill of Luton''', of [[Harpenden]] in the County of Hertford.<ref>{{London Gazette |issue=43027 |date=14 June 1963 |page=5077}}</ref> In 1967, Hill announced that all the [[ITV (TV network)|ITV]] contracts were to be re-advertised, because he was concerned about the large profits being made by the major companies and their lack of regional identity. This resulted in a [[History of ITV#1968–1974|radical reorganisation of the ITV network]]. |
He was appointed as the Chairman of the [[Independent Television Authority]] in 1963, where he continued his hostile attitude towards the BBC. He was created a [[life peer]] on 13 June 1963 as '''Baron Hill of Luton''', of [[Harpenden]] in the County of Hertford.<ref>{{London Gazette |issue=43027 |date=14 June 1963 |page=5077}}</ref> In 1967, Hill announced that all the [[ITV (TV network)|ITV]] contracts were to be re-advertised, because he was concerned about the large profits being made by the major companies and their lack of regional identity. This resulted in a [[History of ITV#1968–1974|radical reorganisation of the ITV network]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=BFI Screenonline: TV in the 1960s |url=http://www.screenonline.org.uk/tv/id/1209631/index.html#:~:text=Three%20new%20ITV%20companies%20came,Consortium%20(subsequently%20HTV%20),%20replacing |access-date=2024-03-17 |website=www.screenonline.org.uk}}</ref> |
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⚫ | He succeeded [[Norman Brook, 1st Baron Normanbrook|Lord Normanbrook]] as the Chairman of the BBC Governors (1967–1972), having been appointed by the Prime Minister, [[Harold Wilson]], to "sort out" the Corporation.<ref>{{Cite web |title=BFI Screenonline: Greene, Sir Hugh (1910-1987) Biography |url=http://www.screenonline.org.uk/people/id/1172363/index.html |access-date=2024-03-14 |website=www.screenonline.org.uk}}</ref> His appointment as BBC chairman surprised the BBC's Governors and several resigned. [[Robert Lusty|Sir Robert Lusty]], the acting chairman, commented that "it was like inviting [[Erwin Rommel|Rommel]] to command the [[British Eighth Army|Eighth Army]] on the eve of [[Second Battle of El Alamein|Alamein]]".<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ashworth |first=Margaret |date=2019-04-05 |title=The Lost BBC: The Kitchen Front |url=https://www.conservativewoman.co.uk/the-lost-bbc-the-kitchen-front/ |access-date=2024-03-14 |website=The Conservative Woman |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref name=":2" /> |
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⚫ | Harold Wilson encouraged Lord Hill to be active in editorial decisions. Hill had a difficult relationship with the [[Director-General of the BBC]], [[Hugh Greene]], and he eventually forced Greene to resign in 1969. Greene later described Hill as a "vulgarian". He had a quieter relationship with Greene's successor, [[Charles Curran (broadcaster)|Charles Curran]]. He retired from the BBC in 1972 and died in 1989, aged 85.<ref name=":0" /> |
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He married Marion Spencer Wallace, with whom he had two sons and three daughters.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Charles Hill - 'The Radio Doctor' - 1904-1989 |url=https://www.harpenden-history.org.uk/harpenden-history/people-2/medics/charles-hill-the-radio-doctor-1904-1989 |access-date=2024-03-14 |website=Harpenden History |language=en}}</ref> |
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== Selected Publications == |
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Hill of Luton Charles Hill. (1936) ''The Development of Osteopathy.'' |
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Hill Charles and H. A Clegg. (1937). ''What Is Osteopathy?'' London: J.M. Dent & Sons. |
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Hill of Luton Charles Hill and Great Britain Ministry of Information. (1943) ''Wise Eating in Wartime''. H.M. Stationery Office |
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Hill of Luton Charles Hill. (1944) ''Your Body; How It Works and How to Keep It Working Well''. London: Burke. |
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Hill of Luton Charles Hill. (1950). ''Bringing Up Your Child''. London: Phoenix House. |
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Hill of Luton Charles Hill. (1952) ''The Radio Doctor’s Dictionary of Health''. Phoenix House. |
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⚫ | He succeeded [[Norman Brook, 1st Baron Normanbrook|Lord Normanbrook]] as the Chairman of the BBC Governors (1967–1972), having been appointed by the Prime Minister, [[Harold Wilson]], to "sort out" the Corporation. His appointment as BBC chairman surprised the BBC's Governors and several resigned. [[Robert Lusty|Sir Robert Lusty]], the acting chairman, commented that "it was like inviting [[Erwin Rommel|Rommel]] to command the [[British Eighth Army|Eighth Army]] on the eve of [[Second Battle of El Alamein|Alamein]]". |
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Hill of Luton Charles Hill. (1964) ''Both Sides of the Hill [by] Lord Hill of Luton''. Heinemann. |
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⚫ | Harold Wilson encouraged Lord Hill to be active in editorial decisions. Hill had a difficult relationship with the [[Director-General of the BBC]], [[Hugh Greene]], and he eventually forced Greene to resign in 1969. Greene later described Hill as a "vulgarian". He had a quieter relationship with Greene's successor, [[Charles Curran (broadcaster)|Charles Curran]]. He retired from the BBC in 1972 and died in 1989, aged 85. |
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Luton, Hill of (1974). ''Behind the screen: the broadcasting memoirs of Lord Hill of Luton''. London: Sidgwick & Jackson. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]] [[Special:BookSources/978-0-283-98181-4|<bdi>978-0-283-98181-4</bdi>]]. |
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He married Marion Spencer Wallace, with whom he had two sons and three daughters. |
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== References == |
== References == |
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{{succession box |
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| title = [[ |
| title = [[Postmaster General of the United Kingdom|Postmaster General]] |
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| years = 1955–1957 |
| years = 1955–1957 |
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| before = [[Herbrand Sackville, 9th Earl De La Warr|The Earl De La Warr]] |
| before = [[Herbrand Sackville, 9th Earl De La Warr|The Earl De La Warr]] |
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| after = [[Iain Macleod]] |
| after = [[Iain Macleod]] |
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{{succession box |
{{succession box |
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| title = Chairman of the [[Independent Television Authority]] |
| title = Chairman of the [[Independent Television Authority]] |
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{{s-end}} |
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{{ITV regulatory bodies}} |
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{{Authority control}} |
{{Authority control}} |
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[[Category:1904 births]] |
[[Category:1904 births]] |
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[[Category:1989 deaths]] |
[[Category:1989 deaths]] |
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[[Category:National Liberal Party (UK, 1931) politicians]] |
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[[Category:Conservative Party (UK) MPs for English constituencies]] |
[[Category:Conservative Party (UK) MPs for English constituencies]] |
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[[Category:Conservative Party (UK) life peers|Hill of Luton, Lord]] |
[[Category:Conservative Party (UK) life peers|Hill of Luton, Lord]] |
Latest revision as of 07:21, 14 April 2024
The Lord Hill of Luton | |
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Chairman of the Board of Governors of the BBC | |
In office 1 September 1967 – 14 December 1972 | |
Prime Minister | Harold Wilson Edward Heath |
Deputy | Robert Lusty The Lord Fulton |
Preceded by | The Lord Normanbrook |
Succeeded by | Sir Michael Swann |
Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster | |
In office 13 January 1957 – 9 October 1961 | |
Prime Minister | Harold Macmillan |
Preceded by | The Earl of Selkirk |
Succeeded by | Iain Macleod |
Member of Parliament for Luton | |
In office 23 February 1950 – 13 June 1963 | |
Preceded by | William Warbey |
Succeeded by | Will Howie |
Member of the House of Lords Lord Temporal | |
In office 13 June 1963 – 22 August 1989 Life Peerage | |
Personal details | |
Born | London, United Kingdom | 15 January 1904
Died | 22 August 1989 | (aged 85)
Spouse | Marion Spencer Wallace |
Alma mater | Trinity College, Cambridge |
Occupation | Businessman, administrator |
Charles Hill, Baron Hill of Luton, PC (15 January 1904 – 22 August 1989) was a British physician and medical spokesman, radio speaker, member of parliament, government minister and broadcasting executive.[1]
Early life and career[edit]
Charles Hill was born in Islington, London and was educated at St Olave's Grammar School in Southwark, London. He won a scholarship to Trinity College, Cambridge, where he gained a first class degree. He continued his medical studies at the London Hospital gaining MRCS and MRCP in 1927 and later he gained MB, BCh and MD. He became Deputy Medical Officer of Oxford in 1930. He became Assistant Secretary of the British Medical Association from 1932 and Secretary from 1944 to 1950.[2]
During the Second World War, the Ministry of Health had wanted the BBC to infiltrate health messages into ordinary programmes rather than have dedicated programmes from the Ministry of Food, but the BBC warned that this would not be effective and would be viewed by listeners as patronising. Consequently, Hill's role as the "Radio Doctor" became part of the Ministry of Food's programme, Kitchen Front, broadcast every morning from 1942.[3] Because of the then rules about members of the medical profession advertising he could not broadcast under his own name, and so was just 'The Radio Doctor'. His distinctive rich voice helped make an impact.[1]
Hill was still the BMA's Secretary when the National Health Service was introduced in 1948. He negotiated with Aneurin Bevan and ensured that general practitioners did not simply become salaried employees.[2][4]
Political career[edit]
Hill stood for Parliament for University of Cambridge in 1945 as an independent. He was successful in 1950, becoming MP for Luton as a Conservative and National Liberal.[5]
He was appointed Parliamentary Secretary to the Ministry of Food in 1951. He became the Postmaster-General (a non-cabinet ministerial position with responsibilities that included broadcasting) in 1955; during his period in office he publicly berated the BBC for its reporting of the Suez Crisis. In May 1956, Hill attempted to formalise the existing agreement by which discussions or statements about matters before Parliament could not be broadcast in the fortnight preceding any debate (the 'fourteen-day rule'). However, the Suez Crisis rendered this policy unworkable in practice and the government agreed to its suspension at the end of the year. Hill, who had been uneasy about the implications of the rule for freedom of expression, was relieved.[6]
From 1957 to 1961, he was Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster and from 1961 he was Minister of Housing and Local Government and Welsh Affairs,[7] but he lost his place in the Cabinet in Harold Macmillan's 'Night of the Long Knives' reshuffle in 1962.[4]
Post-political career[edit]
He was appointed as the Chairman of the Independent Television Authority in 1963, where he continued his hostile attitude towards the BBC. He was created a life peer on 13 June 1963 as Baron Hill of Luton, of Harpenden in the County of Hertford.[8] In 1967, Hill announced that all the ITV contracts were to be re-advertised, because he was concerned about the large profits being made by the major companies and their lack of regional identity. This resulted in a radical reorganisation of the ITV network.[9]
He succeeded Lord Normanbrook as the Chairman of the BBC Governors (1967–1972), having been appointed by the Prime Minister, Harold Wilson, to "sort out" the Corporation.[10] His appointment as BBC chairman surprised the BBC's Governors and several resigned. Sir Robert Lusty, the acting chairman, commented that "it was like inviting Rommel to command the Eighth Army on the eve of Alamein".[11][1]
Harold Wilson encouraged Lord Hill to be active in editorial decisions. Hill had a difficult relationship with the Director-General of the BBC, Hugh Greene, and he eventually forced Greene to resign in 1969. Greene later described Hill as a "vulgarian". He had a quieter relationship with Greene's successor, Charles Curran. He retired from the BBC in 1972 and died in 1989, aged 85.[2]
He married Marion Spencer Wallace, with whom he had two sons and three daughters.[12]
Selected Publications[edit]
Hill of Luton Charles Hill. (1936) The Development of Osteopathy.
Hill Charles and H. A Clegg. (1937). What Is Osteopathy? London: J.M. Dent & Sons.
Hill of Luton Charles Hill and Great Britain Ministry of Information. (1943) Wise Eating in Wartime. H.M. Stationery Office
Hill of Luton Charles Hill. (1944) Your Body; How It Works and How to Keep It Working Well. London: Burke.
Hill of Luton Charles Hill. (1950). Bringing Up Your Child. London: Phoenix House.
Hill of Luton Charles Hill. (1952) The Radio Doctor’s Dictionary of Health. Phoenix House.
Hill of Luton Charles Hill. (1964) Both Sides of the Hill [by] Lord Hill of Luton. Heinemann.
Luton, Hill of (1974). Behind the screen: the broadcasting memoirs of Lord Hill of Luton. London: Sidgwick & Jackson. ISBN 978-0-283-98181-4.
References[edit]
- ^ a b c "Obituary - Baron Hill of Luton". Times Digital Archive. 23 August 1989. Retrieved 15 March 2024.
- ^ a b c "Hill, Charles, Baron Hill of Luton (1904–1989), doctor, politician, and broadcaster". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/40159. Retrieved 14 March 2024.
- ^ "Notes On Books". The British Medical Journal. 2 (4309): 170–170. 1943. ISSN 0007-1447.
- ^ a b "Obituary". BMJ : British Medical Journal. 299 (6700): 675–677. 9 September 1989. ISSN 0959-8138. PMC 1837582.
- ^ "Doctors In Parliament". The British Medical Journal. 1 (4652): 533–533. 1950. ISSN 0007-1447.
- ^ Ruff, Daniel (1 January 2021). "Surviving the Committee of Enquiry: A Thriving BBC (1922–1995)". Revue Française de Civilisation Britannique. French Journal of British Studies. XXVI (1). doi:10.4000/rfcb.7171. ISSN 0248-9015.
- ^ "New Office For Dr. Charles Hill". The British Medical Journal. 2 (5258): 1009–1009. 1961. ISSN 0007-1447.
- ^ "No. 43027". The London Gazette. 14 June 1963. p. 5077.
- ^ "BFI Screenonline: TV in the 1960s". www.screenonline.org.uk. Retrieved 17 March 2024.
- ^ "BFI Screenonline: Greene, Sir Hugh (1910-1987) Biography". www.screenonline.org.uk. Retrieved 14 March 2024.
- ^ Ashworth, Margaret (5 April 2019). "The Lost BBC: The Kitchen Front". The Conservative Woman. Retrieved 14 March 2024.
- ^ "Charles Hill - 'The Radio Doctor' - 1904-1989". Harpenden History. Retrieved 14 March 2024.
External links[edit]
- 1904 births
- 1989 deaths
- National Liberal Party (UK, 1931) politicians
- Conservative Party (UK) MPs for English constituencies
- Conservative Party (UK) life peers
- 20th-century English medical doctors
- BBC Governors
- Chairmen of the BBC
- People educated at St Olave's Grammar School
- United Kingdom Postmasters General
- Chancellors of the Duchy of Lancaster
- People from Islington (district)
- People from Luton
- Members of the Privy Council of the United Kingdom
- UK MPs 1950–1951
- UK MPs 1951–1955
- UK MPs 1955–1959
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- UK MPs who were granted peerages
- Alumni of Trinity College, Cambridge
- Ministers in the third Churchill government, 1951–1955
- Ministers in the Eden government, 1955–1957
- Ministers in the Macmillan and Douglas-Home governments, 1957–1964
- Life peers created by Elizabeth II