Ba–Shu culture: Difference between revisions
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=== Shu culture === |
=== Shu culture === |
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[[File:Bronze Sacred Tree.jpg|thumb|The Bronze Sacred Tree, one of the artifacts unearthed at Sanxingdui]] |
[[File:Bronze Sacred Tree.jpg|thumb|The Bronze Sacred Tree, one of the artifacts unearthed at Sanxingdui]] |
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The ancient kingdom of Shu originated from the Sanxingdui culture and thrived during the [[Xia dynasty|Xia Dynasty]], lasting a total of one or two millenia.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2016-03-04 |title=【巴蜀文化】天府人间,辉映流光 - 青陇巴蜀 - 汗青网 |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304111943/http://www.sinocul.com/qinglongbashu/show-4010-1.html |access-date=2024-04-05 |website=web.archive.org}}</ref> The Shu culture had a rich tradition of metalworking (especially with bronze) and manufactured numerous notable artifacts, |
The ancient kingdom of Shu originated from the Sanxingdui culture and thrived during the [[Xia dynasty|Xia Dynasty]], lasting a total of one or two millenia.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2016-03-04 |title=【巴蜀文化】天府人间,辉映流光 - 青陇巴蜀 - 汗青网 |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304111943/http://www.sinocul.com/qinglongbashu/show-4010-1.html |access-date=2024-04-05 |website=web.archive.org}}</ref> The Shu culture had a rich tradition of metalworking (especially with bronze) and manufactured numerous notable artifacts, hundreds of which were unearthed at sacrificial pits at Sanxingdui and Jinsha; these include bronze statues, heads and masks, several bronze trees (one of which, the Bronze Sacred Tree, has been restored), daggers, hundreds of pieces of pottery, and the [[Golden Sun Bird]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-09-09 |title=Bronze sacred tree found in Sanxingdui sacrificial pit – The History Blog |url=https://www.thehistoryblog.com/archives/62185 |access-date=2024-04-05 |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-06-15 |title=Newly found Chinese artifacts illuminate mysterious ancient kingdom |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/news/world/sanxingdui-china-archaeology-artifacts-sacrificial-pits-shu-kingdom-rcna33643 |access-date=2024-04-05 |website=NBC News |language=en}}</ref> Additionally, the Shu culture is noted for its resistance to external influences, and was more or less unaffected by other nearby cultures until its conquest by the Qin Dynasty in 316 BC.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Luo |first=Zhitian |date=March 29, 2023 |title=【资讯】浅析巴蜀文化 |url=https://www.cdut.edu.cn/bswh/info/1017/1128.htm |archive-url=https://www.cdut.edu.cn/sKpQlUVCxrwf/aeHdLWdc7oH2.9e258ff.js |archive-date=April 5, 2024 |website=Chengdu University of Technology}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-06-16 |title=Qin Dynasty: Achievements, Facts & Time Period |url=https://www.history.com/topics/ancient-china/qin-dynasty |access-date=2024-04-05 |website=HISTORY |language=en}}</ref> |
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== Ancient writing system == |
== Ancient writing system == |
Revision as of 06:32, 5 April 2024
Ba-Shu culture (Chinese: 巴蜀文化; pinyin: Bāshǔ wénhuà) refers to a regional culture centered around Sichuan province and Chongqing city, also encompassing parts of Yunnan, Guizhou and other regions that speak Southwestern Mandarin. Historically centered around the Yangtze River, it emerged as an amalgamation of the cultures of the Shu and Ba kingdoms after their conquest by the Qin Dynasty. The discovery of the Shu site of Sanxingdui in 1986 and Jinsha in 2001 places the Ba-Shu culture's age at nearly four millenia old;[2][3] consequently, it is widely considered to be one of the cradles of Chinese civilisation and culture.[4][5][6]
The continuous use of the name Shu to refer to the Sichuan region throughout history has contributed to the Ba-Shu culture's survival (even today, one of the official names of Sichuan is Shu).[7] As a result, the Ba-Shu culture continues to the present day and is famous for aspects such as its cuisine and Sichuan opera.
Origins
Shu culture
The ancient kingdom of Shu originated from the Sanxingdui culture and thrived during the Xia Dynasty, lasting a total of one or two millenia.[8] The Shu culture had a rich tradition of metalworking (especially with bronze) and manufactured numerous notable artifacts, hundreds of which were unearthed at sacrificial pits at Sanxingdui and Jinsha; these include bronze statues, heads and masks, several bronze trees (one of which, the Bronze Sacred Tree, has been restored), daggers, hundreds of pieces of pottery, and the Golden Sun Bird.[9][10] Additionally, the Shu culture is noted for its resistance to external influences, and was more or less unaffected by other nearby cultures until its conquest by the Qin Dynasty in 316 BC.[11][12]
Ancient writing system
Traditional language
Architecture
Sichuanese architecture
Sichuanese garden
Visual arts
Performing arts
Clothing
Food culture
Others
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Golden Temple of Mount Emei of the Chinese Buddhist tradition.
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Statues of buddhas at a Litang monastery of the Tibetan Buddhist tradition.
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St. Joseph's Cathedral, Chongqing (Catholic).
See also
External links
References
- ^ Li, Hsing-jung; Fêng, Ming-i; Yü, Chih-yung (November 1, 2014). 導遊實訓課程 (in Traditional Chinese). Taipei: E-culture. p. 331. ISBN 9789865650346.
- ^ "New archeological marvels of ancient Shu civilization". academic.oup.com. Retrieved February 23, 2024.
- ^ "Jinsha Site Museum". www.jinshasitemuseum.com. Retrieved February 24, 2024.
- ^ 巴蜀文化渊源. huaxia.com. June 2006. Archived from the original on May 2, 2019. Retrieved September 7, 2017.
- ^ 巴蜀文化. hk.chiculture.net.
- ^ 四川师范大学巴蜀文化中心. Center for Bashu Cultural Studies, Sichuan Normal University.
- ^ "People's Government of Sichuan Province". www.sc.gov.cn. Retrieved February 24, 2024.
- ^ "【巴蜀文化】天府人间,辉映流光 - 青陇巴蜀 - 汗青网". web.archive.org. March 4, 2016. Retrieved April 5, 2024.
- ^ "Bronze sacred tree found in Sanxingdui sacrificial pit – The History Blog". September 9, 2021. Retrieved April 5, 2024.
- ^ "Newly found Chinese artifacts illuminate mysterious ancient kingdom". NBC News. June 15, 2022. Retrieved April 5, 2024.
- ^ Luo, Zhitian (March 29, 2023). "【资讯】浅析巴蜀文化". Chengdu University of Technology. Archived from the original on April 5, 2024.
- ^ "Qin Dynasty: Achievements, Facts & Time Period". HISTORY. June 16, 2023. Retrieved April 5, 2024.