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According to the [[Official Charts Company]], "Applause" sold over 10,000 copies within a few hours in the UK;<ref name="uksales"/> entering the Official UK chart at number five.<ref>[http://www.officialcharts.com/archive-chart/_/1/2013-08-24/ 2013-08-24 Top 40 Official Singles Chart UK Archive | Official Charts<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> The release of Applause prompted an increase in sales of Gaga's 2009 song "[[Bad Romance (song)|Bad Romance]]", which topped 1,000,000 sales in the UK the same week; making Lady Gaga one of only 16 artists ever to have had more than one million-selling single in the UK.<ref>[http://www.officialcharts.com/chart-news/lady-gaga-scores-another-million-selling-single-2425/ Lady Gaga scores another million-selling single!<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>
According to the [[Official Charts Company]], "Applause" sold over 10,000 copies within a few hours in the UK;<ref name="uksales"/> entering the Official UK chart at number five.<ref>[http://www.officialcharts.com/archive-chart/_/1/2013-08-24/ 2013-08-24 Top 40 Official Singles Chart UK Archive | Official Charts<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> The release of Applause prompted an increase in sales of Gaga's 2009 song "[[Bad Romance (song)|Bad Romance]]", which topped 1,000,000 sales in the UK the same week; making Lady Gaga one of only 16 artists ever to have had more than one million-selling single in the UK.<ref>[http://www.officialcharts.com/chart-news/lady-gaga-scores-another-million-selling-single-2425/ Lady Gaga scores another million-selling single!<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>

===Controversy===
Gaga received negative press after reports of her attempting to artificially increase the single's placement in the Billboard Hot 100 chart. Some sources reported it as an attempt to beat [[Katy Perry]]'s single "[[Roar (song)|Roar]]", which is currently outselling "Applause".<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.billboard.com/biz/articles/news/5657741/katy-perry-aiming-to-sell-450k-downloads-of-roar-lady-gagas-applause-set |title=Katy Perry Aiming to Sell 450k Downloads of 'Roar,' Lady Gaga's 'Applause' Set for 225k Debut | work=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]] |publisher=[[Prometheus Global Media]] |first=Keith |last=Caulfield |date=August 18, 2013 |accessdate=August 23, 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2013/08/17/lady-gaga-applause-twitter-contest_n_3772877.html |title=Lady Gaga's 'Applause' Twitter Contest Encourages Fans To Buy Multiple Copies Of Single |first=Matthew |last=Jacobs |work=huffingtonpost.com |date=August 17, 2013 |accessdate=August 23, 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://celebs.gather.com/viewArticle.action?articleId=281474981930585 |title=Lady Gaga Causes Controversy by Using Twitter Contest to... / Gather / Gather |work=celebs.gather.com |date=August 15, 213 |accessdate=August 23, 2013}}</ref> Gaga was criticised for encouraging fans to purchase numerous copies of the single, with the chance to meet the singer in London offered as an incentive.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.spin.com/articles/lady-gaga-applause-contest-prostitution-controversy/ |title=Lady Gaga Goads Fans Into Buying Multiple Copies of 'Applause' |work=[[Spin.com]] |date=August 15, 2013 |accessdate=August 23, 2013}}</ref><ref name=Globe>{{cite web |url=http://www.theglobeandmail.com/arts/music/lady-gaga-exploits-fans-with-new-twitter-contest/article13820700/ |title=Is Lady Gaga exploiting her fans to get a number one single? |work=The Globe and Mail |first=Brad |last=Wheeler | date=August 18, 2013 |accessdate=August 23, 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.contactmusic.com/article/lady-gaga-making-fans-buy-copies-of-artpop-to-win-trip-to-london_3819296 |title=Is Lady Gaga Wrong To Incentivise Fans To Buy Multiple Copies Of Her New Single? |work=Contactmusic.com |first=Lauren |last=James |date=August 16, 2013 |accessdate=August 23, 2013}}</ref><ref name=NZ>{{cite web |url=http://www.3news.co.nz/Lady-Gaga-accused-of-cheating/tabid/418/articleID/309045/Default.aspx title=Lady Gaga accused of cheating - Story - Entertainment - 3 News |work=3news.co.nz |publisher=WENN.com |date=August 15, 2013 |accessdate=August 23, 2013}}</ref> Some sources have claimed that fans have individually spent over $300 in order to buy multiple copies of "Applause" in hopes of winning the contest.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.digitalspy.ie/music/news/a506576/lady-gaga-sparks-controversy-with-applause-twitter-contest.html |title=Lady Gaga sparks controversy with 'Applause' Twitter contest |work=digitalspy.ie |first=Catriona |last=Wightman |date=August 14, 2013 |accessdate=August 23, 2013}}</ref> Gaga also received criticism for encouraging fans to watch a playlist which featured a nine-hour loop of the "Applause" video on VEVO ('views' on sites such as Youtube and VEVO are counted towards the Billboard chart).<ref name=Spy/><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2013/08/21/billboard-bill-werde-lady-gaga-applause-views_n_3789812.html?utm_hp_ref=entertainment |title=Billboard & Lady Gaga: Bill Werde Speaks Out On Singer Commissioning 'Applause' Views |work=huffingtonpost.com |date=August 21, 2013 | accessdate=August 23, 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.entertainmentwise.com/news/124221/Lady-Gaga-Gets-Criticised-For-Urging-Fans-To-Watch-Applause-Video |title=Lady Gaga Gets Criticised For Urging Fans To Watch 'Applause' Video - Celebrity Gossip, News & Photos, Movie Reviews, Competitions |first=Robert |last=Crawford |work=entertainmentwise.com |date=August 21, 2013 |accessdate=August 23, 2013}}</ref><ref name=IB>[http://www.ibtimes.com/lady-gaga-accused-scamming-youtube-applause-views-billboard-editor-bill-werde-1393415 Lady Gaga Accused Of Scamming YouTube For ‘Applause’ Views By Billboard Editor Bill Werde<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>

The tactics provoked critism of Gaga by Billboard's Editorial Director Bill Werde, who said "An artist tweeting out and facebooking a link that enables a fan to hit play and leave their computer is not in the spirit of what we chart".<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.gigwise.com/news/83685/lady-gaga-slammed-for-fixing-youtube-view-us-charts-boss |title=Lady Gaga slammed for 'fixing' YouTube view US charts boss |work=Gigwise |first=Michael |last=Baggs |date=August 21, 2013 |accessdate=August 23, 2013}}</ref> "I just hate to see anyone try to game the charts, be it fans or artists. It's not in the spirit of what we do, celebrating success."<ref name=Spy>{{cite web |url=http://www.digitalspy.co.uk/music/news/a508616/lady-gaga-criticised-by-billboard-boss-for-inflating-vevo-streams.html |title=Lady Gaga criticised by Billboard boss for inflating VEVO streams - Music News |work=Digital Spy |first=Lewis |last=Corner |date=August 21, 2013 |date=August 23, 2013}}</ref>


==Music video==
==Music video==

Revision as of 04:34, 23 August 2013

"Applause"
Song

"Applause" is a song by American recording artist Lady Gaga, from her upcoming third studio album, Artpop (2013). It was written and produced by Lady Gaga and DJ White Shadow. The song was released as the album's lead single,[4][3] it was originally intended to be released through mainstream and rhythmic airplay on August 19, 2013 by Interscope Records, but was rush-released a week earlier on August 12 after two snippets of the song were leaked online on August 10.[5][6]

Recording and composition

"Applause" was written and produced by Lady Gaga and DJ White Shadow while on the road for The Born This Way Ball Tour in 2012.[3][4] It was speculated as a song by Gaga for her album Artpop in early 2013, when she tweeted lyrics from the song followed by, "The Applause". In July 2013, Lady Gaga announced that "Applause" would be released on August 19, 2013,[7] but was instead rush-released on August 12 after two snippets had leaked online. The song has a tempo of 140 beats per minute.[8] The record has been pinned to the electropop[1] and eurodance[2] music genres, with vocal acrobatics likened to Annie Lennox's work with the Eurythmics and David Bowie.[1] The work was praised for returning Gaga to her pop roots[2] and mirroring the output of The Fame era[9] with abrasive staccato synths and lyrics that were called "a kiss-off to critics".[9]

Release and promotion

"Applause" (2013)
An electropop song, "Applause" features vocals critics announced were reminiscent of Annie Lennox and David Bowie. This sample contains portions of the first verse, with lyrics that revolve around music criticism.
Problems playing this file? See media help.

Lady Gaga first tweeted lyrics from the chorus of the song in January 2013.[10] In July 2013, a photo was published on Lady Gaga's social networking site, Little Monsters, of Gaga painting on a canvas with the word "Applause" written on the top with, "8-19-13" written twice on the canvas, the single's release date.[11] Later, Gaga posted a picture of a drawing she had done, saying that she drew pictures and recorded ideas for Artpop in a notebook she always carries around with her. On July 28, she tweeted that iTunes was going to offer pre-order for her album on the same day of her single release, noting "Applause" as the title, much to fan's speculation.[12][13]

On July 28, Gaga revealed the official artwork for "Applause" on Women's Wear Daily's website. A promotional photo for Applause, released on July 26, shows her sitting nude on a chair made out of motherboards and computer parts, wearing futuristic mirrored glasses.[14] On August 10, two small snippets of the song leaked online.[15] On August 12, Lady Gaga, in the midst of a potential leak, released the song a week early onto various radio stations across America.[16] The single was made available in many countries just before midnight (EST) on the iTunes Store, coupled with a pre-order of her fourth studio album, ARTPOP.[17] According to the Official Charts Company, the record spun over 10,000 copies within a few hours.[17] In response to the leak, Gaga released a teaser trailer of "Applause" that quoted harsh journalism that attacked her credibility as an artist; in the video, Gaga is shown wearing a strange mask, with the sound of applause in the background with direct quotes from critics placed over top. Such phrases included: "Lady Gaga is over"; "Lady Gaga is no longer relevant"; "Do not buy Lady Gaga's new single 'Applause"; and "If you do not like pop music, turn this off". Many construed the clip as an attempt at reverse psychology.[18][19][20][21]

Seen in goth costume on the day of the single's release, Lady Gaga worn clownish face paint similar to what is displayed on the "Applause" artwork to various promotional events for the single.[22][2] The Huffington Post compared the style-shift to Marilyn Manson, saying: "With her black hair slicked back, a face full of white powder and her black blazer and shirt combo, Gaga could have easily been mistaken for Manson if it wasn't for her towering heels."[2] The make up, originally done by Tara Savelo,[23] was smeared during the shooting of the music video; becoming one of Gaga's favorite shots from the video, she decided to borrow the still for her single cover.[24] In an interview with Ryan Seacrest, Gaga revealed that, during the process of picking the lead single for Artpop, she played numerous songs for Jimmy Iovine, an executive at Interscope Records.[25] Of the 40 songs she played for Iovine, he selected "Applause", the last song played, saying: "Every record that you played me is better than the one that you played before it, so the last one should be your first single."[25] Gaga said the song almost missed the cut for inclusion on Artpop.[25]

Critical response

"Applause" received mostly positive reviews from music critics. Chris Richards of The Washington Post described "Applause" as "an unsurprising electro-pop sugar cube with Gaga seeking our approval in a voice somewhere between Annie Lennox and David Bowie." He wrote, "It’s good. Maybe even slow clap good. Because while so many (too many!) of Gaga’s songs have been designed to boost the esteem of her flock, this song finds her openly pining for the mass-adulation that all superstars need to survive."[1] Erin Coulehan of Rolling Stone wrote in her review, "Built on choppy synths, 'Applause' takes fans back to The Fame as Gaga sings about how she survives on the adoration of her fans. There's little evidence of the Eighties-rock vibe Gaga developed for her 2011 album Born This Way here. 'Applause' is all bouncy disco and simple messages."[26]

Nick Catucci of Entertainment Weekly gave the song a positive review, commenting, "In Gaga’s new song, which sounds like something you might hear in a very accessible Berlin sex dungeon, she is a star demanding that you clap for her. Of course, this being Lady Gaga, there are layers—she’s critiquing fame (we’re guessing). Although there’s surely nothing ironic about the music, which pounds and pounds until it finally achieves an almost pleasant climax."[27] Amy Sciaretto of PopCrush gave the song 3 out of 5 stars, praising the song's "authoritative style" as well as the "incredibly dramatic" words for being "equally weighted", but commented, "First listen did not garner love from us. Neither did the second or the third. But by the time we were four listens deep, we were grooving in our chairs."[28] Jason Lipshutz of Billboard gave "Applause" a positive review, commenting that the song "morphs into a thrilling dance cut when it circles back to its chorus."[6] Popjustice rated the song 9/10, with their review only consisting of the comment, "And this is why Lady Gaga is the best popstar in the world."[29]

Sal Cinquemani of Slant Magazine gave a mixed response, writing that "Applause" is "a surprisingly straightforward dance-pop song, neither forward-thinking nor retro (despite a lyrical reference to nostalgia), existing in a sort of nondescript limbo. Musically, it's a throwback to the simpler productions of 2008's The Fame, while lyrically the song perpetuates Gaga's reputation for self-aggrandizement, complete with an affected British accent," and favoring the previously-leaked song "Aura" over "Applause".[30] Spin, however, criticized the song's "bland dance-bot foundations" as "a bit behind the times at a pop moment where the biggest song-of-the-summer candidates have moved back toward '70s-inflected guitars."[31]

Chart performance

Due to the proximity of the single's leak to fellow pop singer Katy Perry's song "Roar", "Applause" has been fervently compared to it.[32][33][34] In terms of digital downloads, Nielsen SoundScan forecasted both tracks to sell upwards of 400,000 units in their first week.[34][35] By the end of the week, Nielsen Soundsan and Billboard had lowered the estimated amount of "Applause"'s first week sales from 400,000 to between 200,000 and 225,000.[36][37] Gaga's record bowed just beneath Billboard's Hot 100.[35] Gaga ranked in below the 75 marks on the US Radio Songs chart with over 16 million radio-plays across 210 stations, with the track officially impacting radio stations on August 19.[35] Despite falling short of the Hot 100, "Applause" did peak at 16 on the Dance/Electronic Songs chart,[35] and entered the U.S. Pop Songs Chart at number 20; the highest debut on that chart, by a solo female artist, in 2013.[36] The following week "Applause" debuted at No. 6 on Billboard Hot 100. Following its radio and retail release on Aug. 19, the track began on Digital Songs at No. 3 (218,000), Streaming Songs at No. 9 (2.9 million) and Radio Songs at No. 40 (31 million).[38]

According to the Official Charts Company, "Applause" sold over 10,000 copies within a few hours in the UK;[17] entering the Official UK chart at number five.[39] The release of Applause prompted an increase in sales of Gaga's 2009 song "Bad Romance", which topped 1,000,000 sales in the UK the same week; making Lady Gaga one of only 16 artists ever to have had more than one million-selling single in the UK.[40]

Music video

Background and synopsis

For its premiere on Good Morning America, the video was broadcast on screens all throughout Times Square (pictured).

The music video was directed by Inez & Vinoodh and was released on August 19, 2013.[12] It was first premiered on Good Morning America and was broadcast on screens in Times Square.[41] Prior to its release, Gaga used her Twitter to reveal that it is inspired by the entertainer's passion for shape-shifting, further adding, "Would you do 'anything' for the Applause? Iconography in motion, as magic."[42] DJ White Shadow further spoke about his collaboration with Gaga, saying "I watched the whole editing process. I went to New York with her and sat in a room for two days while she color corrected and went through the video frame by frame. She is such an intricate part of everything that moves, that it's all a part of the same vision... She's very into making sure that everything has its place. The video is really fun and exciting and she looks awesome in it. ... It's Lady Gaga! It's a Lady Gaga video! It's a good video. It's really fun."[42] On the day of its premiere, Gaga said that her team used a lot of different looks with each being very representative of different parts of her and her obsession with transforming.[43]

The video includes shots taken in both color and black-and-white, including artistic and complex scenes such as Gaga's head on a swan, a scene in a bird cage, and the singer seated in a large top hat, as well as more simplistic scenes including Gaga walking in a black outfit wearing a headscarf, and the singer using white cloth, with scenes similar to the cover art of the single, featuring Gaga in bright make-up. Throughout the video bursts of color are shown theatrically. As Gaga sings the line "Suddenly the Koons is me", she is transformed into a black swan/human hybrid.[44] Gaga also wears hand-shaped lingerie and a seashell bra with matching shell decoration. Near the climax, the singer features in a purple, crystal-like scene, and at the end, the name of her album "ARTPOP" is spelled using hand gestures.

Reception

The video received mixed reviews. Glenn Gamboa from Newsday described it as a barrage of artistic images and choreography continuing the song's theme of combining art with pop culture.[41] Erin Coulehan of Rolling Stone magazine noted that the video was in "typical Gaga fashion", further calling it a spectacle of flashing lights, vivid colors and intricate choreography.[45] Kyle Anderson of Entertainment Weekly also echoed Coulehan's statements about the video being in Gaga fashion, adding that it "makes the song sound infinitely better... It doesn't quite hit the high notes of 'Paparazzi' or 'Bad Romance,' but it’s definitely a step up from the middling clips from the Born This Way era."[46] A writer from Billboard magazine described the video as "a collection of arty postures and scenarios" further comparing the black-glove bra with a Janet Jackson magazine cover.[44] A writer of Rolling Stone also compared the bra with Jackson's look on an issue of the magazine's cover. The writer further compared the black and white look of the video with Madonna's "Vogue", 1920s German Expressionist cinema and Ingmar Bergman's The Seventh Seal. He further noted influences from Heath Ledger's Joker, black swan, Liza Minelli, Hillary Clinton, Tom Petty's "Don't Come Around Here No More" and Beyoncé Knowles in a scene voking Sandro Botticelli's The Birth of Venus.[47] Similarly, another writer of The Independent compared her make-up with a clown, and noted that "the high energy accompaniment... is a hotchpotch of imagery that seems to highlight the pop princess' ever changing appearance."[48] Chris Rovzar of Vanity Fair described the video as a moving photo shoot for Interview magazine "except with more sanity". Rovzar concluded that it also featured "the standard Gaga nonsense", a little catchy dance routine and praised Gaga's smile during several scenes of the video as a highlight.[49] Conversely, Spin wrote “‘Some of us just like to read,’ she sings, and hey, that includes us. But it’s easier to clap for something that moves or touches you, rather than serves as an advertisement for Gaga as incomprehensible high-end brand.”[50] Consequence of Sound wrote in their review "Gaga’s head appears on a black swan and she boogies down in a clam bikini. If this doesn’t bump up her sales, I no longer believe in art."[51] MTV joked that the clip “most certainly wasn’t your standard breakfast-hour fare,” continuing “It is obtuse, odd, and most certainly does not go well with oatmeal.”[52]

Lyric video

The official audio for the single was released onto her official VEVO channel, within hours of the leak, receiving over two million views within 12 hours. Gaga released a lyric video, her first ever, for the single on August 14, 2013. The lyrics are splayed over footage mostly filmed the night before by Gaga herself at the drag nightclub, Micky's in Los Angeles.[53] Shangela, a drag queen who attended the event, wrote on Instagram that Gaga was: "super sweet and showed love to all the Queens and Fans. A True Star!".[53]

Live performances

The song will be performed live for the first time at the 2013 MTV Video Music Awards.[54]

Formats and track listings

  • Digital download[55]
  1. "Applause" – 3:32
  1. "Applause" – 3:32
  2. "Applause" (Instrumental) – 3:32

Charts

Chart (2013) Peak
position
Australia (ARIA)[57] 19
Austria (Ö3 Austria Top 40)[58] 19
Belgium (Ultratip Bubbling Under Flanders)[59] 1
Belgium (Ultratip Bubbling Under Wallonia)[60] 1
Canada (Canadian Hot 100) 4
Czech Republic (Rádio – Top 100)[61] 72
Finland (Official Finnish Download Chart)[62] 4
France (Singles Chart)[63] 3
Invalid chart entered Germany2 18
Greece Digital Songs (Billboard)[64] 1
Italy (FIMI)[65] 2
Ireland (IRMA)[66] 10
Japan (Japan Hot 100)[67] 13
Luxembourg Digital Songs (Billboard)[68] 6
Netherlands (Single Top 100)[69] 15
New Zealand (Recorded Music NZ)[70] 15
Portugal Digital Songs (Billboard)[71] 8
Scotland (OCC)[72] 5
Slovakia (Rádio Top 100)[73] 43
South Korea (Gaon Chart International)[74] 2
Switzerland (Schweizer Hitparade)[75] 13
Spain (PROMUSICAE)[76] 1
UK Singles (OCC)[77] 5
US Billboard Hot 100[78] 6
US Adult Pop Songs (Billboard)[36] 35
US Dance/Electronic Songs (Billboard)[78] 1
US Pop Songs (Billboard)[36] 20

Release history

Region Date Format Label
United States[79] August 12, 2013 Digital download
Canada[80]
Austria[81] August 13, 2013 Universal
Belgium[82]
Finland[83]
France[84]
Germany[85]
Ireland[86]
Italy[87]
Lebanon [citation needed]
Luxembourg[88]
Netherlands[89]
New Zealand[90]
Norway[91]
Portugal[92]
Singapore[93]
Spain[94]
Sweden[95]
Switzerland[96]
United Kingdom[97]
United States[98] August 20, 2013 Mainstream radio Interscope
Japan[99] September 11, 2013 CD single Universal
Germany[100] September 13, 2013
United Kingdom[101] September 16, 2013

References

  1. ^ a b c d Richards, Chris (August 12, 2013). "Lady Gaga, 'Applause' – It's trending, but is it good?". The Washington Post. The Washington Post Company. Retrieved August 12, 2013.
  2. ^ a b c d e Percival, Ashley (August 13, 2013). "Lady Gaga Takes Style Inspiration From Marilyn Manson As She Launches New Single 'Applause'". The Huffington Post. United Kingdom: AOL. Retrieved August 21, 2013.
  3. ^ a b c Rigby, Sam (August 10, 2013). "Lady Gaga new single 'Applause' snippet leaks — listen". Digital Spy. Hearst Magazines UK. Retrieved August 11, 2013.
  4. ^ a b Iredale, Jessica (July 28, 2013). "Lady Gaga: 'I'm Every Icon'". Women's Wear Daily. Fairchild Fashion Media. Retrieved August 11, 2013.
  5. ^ Montgomery, James (August 12, 2013). "Lady Gaga Rush-Releases 'Applause'". MTV. Viacom Media Networks. Retrieved August 12, 2013. {{cite web}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |work= (help)
  6. ^ a b Lipshutz, Jason (August 12, 2013). "Lady Gaga Releases 'Applause' Single: Listen". Billboard. Prometheus Global Media. Retrieved August 12, 2013.
  7. ^ Truong, Peggy (July 28, 2013). "Lady Gaga's new single is indeed called Applause". Celebuzz. Spin Media. Retrieved August 12, 2013. {{cite web}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |work= (help)
  8. ^ Tap for Beats Per Minute BPM
  9. ^ a b Montgomery, James (August 12, 2013). "Lady Gaga Rush-Releases 'Applause' Gaga drops her new single a week early ... just hours after Katy Perry releases 'Roar.'". MTV. Viacom. Retrieved August 21, 2013.
  10. ^ "Twitter / ladygaga: If only Fame came in IV form". Twitter. Retrieved August 12, 2013.
  11. ^ Lopez, Korina (July 24, 2013). "Is Lady Gaga's new song title 'Applause'?". USA Today. Gannett Company. Retrieved August 12, 2013.
  12. ^ a b Rigby, Sam (July 28, 2013). "Lady Gaga confirms 'Applause' as first 'ARTPOP' single, reveals cover - Music News". Digital Spy. Hearst Magazines UK. Retrieved August 12, 2013.
  13. ^ "Lady Gaga poses nude for 'ARTPOP' single artwork". New York Daily News. Mortimer Zuckerman. July 28, 2013. Retrieved August 12, 2013.
  14. ^ "Lady Gaga Unveils Artwork For New Single From 'ARTPOP' (UPDATED)". The Huffington Post. AOL Inc. July 27, 2013. Retrieved August 12, 2013.
  15. ^ "Lady Gaga's "Applause": Listen To A Leaked Snippet Of The 'ARTPOP' Single". Idolator. Spin Media. Retrieved August 11, 2013. {{cite web}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |work= (help)
  16. ^ "Lady Gaga unveils new single 'Applause' - listen". NME. IPC Media. August 12, 2013. Retrieved August 12, 2013.
  17. ^ a b c Legge, James. "Lady Gaga's new single 'Applause' nears the Top 10 after only seven hours on sale". The Independent. United Kingdom. Retrieved August 14, 2013.
  18. ^ "Lady Gaga Is Over' Promo Clip Debuts, Offers Some Reverse Psychology". The Huffington Post. AOL. August 13, 2013. Retrieved August 14, 2013.
  19. ^ "Lady Gaga Declares Herself 'Over' in 'ARTPOP' Ad". Rolling Stone. Yahoo! Music. August 13, 2013. Retrieved August 14, 2013.
  20. ^ Sciarretto, Amy (August 13, 2013). "Lady Gaga Uses Reverse Psychology, Says She Is 'Over' in New Teaser". Pop Crush. Retrieved August 14, 2013.
  21. ^ Out.com Editors (August 13, 2013). "Lady Gaga is Over". Out. Here Media. Retrieved August 14, 2013. {{cite web}}: |last= has generic name (help)
  22. ^ Monde, Chiderah (August 13, 2013). "Lady Gaga wears 'Applause' cover art face paint while out in Los Angeles, gives Ryan Seacrest the same look". New York Daily News. Retrieved August 21, 2013.
  23. ^ Blistein, Jon (July 24, 2013). "Lady Gaga Teases Possible First Single From 'ARTPOP'". Rolling Stone. Wenner Media. Retrieved August 21, 2013.
  24. ^ Sciarretto, Amy (August 13, 2013). "Lady Gaga Tells Ryan Seacrest the 'Applause' of Fans Kept Her Going Through Hip Pain + More". Pop Crush. Retrieved August 21, 2013.
  25. ^ a b c Perricone, Kathlee (August 19, 2013). "Lady Gaga Goes for Simple Look in 'Applause' Video: Watch". On Air with Ryan Seacrest. Retrieved August 21, 2013.
  26. ^ Coulehan, Erin (August 12, 2013). "Listen: Lady Gaga Breaks Out Disco Stick for 'Applause'". Rolling Stone. Wenner Media. Retrieved August 12, 2013.
  27. ^ Catucci, Nick (August 12, 2013). "Lady Gaga is ready for your 'Applause' -- hear her new single now". Entertainment Weekly. Time Inc. Retrieved August 12, 2013.
  28. ^ Sciarretto, Amy (August 12, 2013). "Lady Gaga, 'Applause' -- Song Review". PopCrush. Townsquare Media. Retrieved August 12, 2013. {{cite web}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |work= (help)
  29. ^ "Lady Gaga – 'Applause'". Popjustice. August 12, 2013. Retrieved August 13, 2013. {{cite web}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |work= (help)
  30. ^ Cinquemani, Sal (August 12, 2013). "Single Review: Lady Gaga, "Applause"". Slant Magazine. Retrieved August 12, 2013. {{cite web}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |work= (help)
  31. ^ "Lady Gaga's Forgettable 'Applause': The Sound of One Pop Star Clapping for Herself". Spin. Spin Media. August 12, 2013. Retrieved August 12, 2013.
  32. ^ Montgomery, James (August 13, 2013). "Lady Gaga Vs. Katy Perry: Why The A-POP-Calypse Means We All Win". MTV. Viacom. Retrieved August 14, 2013.
  33. ^ "Katy Perry's "Roar" Versus Lady Gaga's "Applause": Which Song Is Better?". CBS. The Disney Company. August 13, 2013. Retrieved August 14, 2013.
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  35. ^ a b c d Trust, Gary (August 14, 2013). "Robin Thicke Leads Hot 100 For 10th Week, Katy Perry's 'Roar' Debuts". Billboard. Prometheus Global Media. Retrieved August 14, 2013.
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