Alexei Fedchenko: Difference between revisions

Alexei Pavlovich Fedchenko
Alexei Pavlovich Fedchenko
Born	7 February [O.S. 19 February] 1844; Irkutsk, Russian Empire
Died	31 August/15 September 1873 (aged 29); Mont Blanc, France
Alma mater	Moscow University
Known for	Exploration of Turkestan
Spouse	Olga Armfeldt (18??-1873; his death)
	Scientific career
Fields	Biology, geography, exploration
Author abbrev. (botany)	A.Fedtsch.

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Alexei Pavlovich Fedchenko (Russian: Алексей Павлович Федченко; 7 February [O.S. 19 February] 1844 – 31 August/15 September 1873), or Fedtschenko, was a Russian naturalist and explorer well known for his travels in central Asia. Alternative transliterations of his name, used in languages such as German, include Aleksei Pavlovich Fedtschenko and Alexei Pawlowitsch Fedtschenko.

Biography[edit]

Fedchenko was born at Irkutsk, in Siberia, and after attending the gymnasium of his native town, proceeded to the University of Moscow, to study zoology and geology.^[1]

He married Olga Armfeldt, a botanist.^[2] In 1868, they travelled through Turkestan, Samarkand, Panjakent, and the upper Zarafshan River valley. In 1870, they explored the Fan Mountains south of the Zarafshan. In 1871, they reached the Alay Valley at Daroot-Korgan and saw the northern Pamir Mountains but were unable to penetrate southward.^{[citation needed]}

He also collected significant numbers of insects from three explorations from 1869 to 1873. These were then studied by Ferdinand Morawitz in St Petersburg. He recorded 438 species belonging to 36 genera from Central Asia, 68 species of Andrena, 17 species from Europe, and 51 new species.^[3]

Soon after their return to Europe, he perished on Mont Blanc while engaged in a tour in France.^[4] He had been trying to look at glaciers in France to see how they compared with those in Turkestan. He was 29 years old. His widow had him buried in Chamonix.^[5]

After he died, his widow published his investigations and work, before she started re-exploring. She later worked with their son, Boris, but Olga remained an important botanist in her own right.^[6]

Alexei Fedchenko discovered the life cycle of Dracunculus which causes Dracunculiasis, more commonly known as Guinea worm disease (GWD). Accounts of the explorations and discoveries of Fedchenko were published by the Russian government: his Journeys in Turkestan in 1874, In the Khanat of Khokand in 1875, and Botanical Discoveries in 1876. See also Petermann's Mittheilungen (1872–1874).^[1]

The Fedchenko Glacier in the Pamirs is named after him, as is the asteroid 3195 Fedchenko.

The botanical epithets fedtschenkoi and fedtschenkoanus may each refer to either Alexei Fedtchenko, or his son Boris Fedtchenko. Primula fedtschenkoi (Regel) was named after him in 1875.^[7] Bambusa fecunda fedtschenkoi, may have been named after him, also a lacewing in 1875, Lopezus fedtschenkoi (MacLachlan).^[8] A species of gecko, Tenuidactylus fedtschenkoi, is named in his honor.^[9]

Works[edit]

1875 Puteshestvie v Turkestan; zoogeographicheskia izledovania. Gos. izd-vo Geograficheskoi Literatury, Moskva.

The standard author abbreviation A.Fedtsch. is used to indicate this person as the author when citing a botanical name.^[10]

References[edit]

^ ^a ^b One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Fedchenko, Alexis Pavlovich". Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 10 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 233.
^ "Fedtschenko, Olga Alexandrowna (1845-1921)". plants.jstor.org. Retrieved 2 October 2014.
^ Tadauchi, Osamu (30 June 2006). "The Genus Andrena from Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan, Collected by the Kyushu University Expedition (Hymenoptera, Andrenidae) (1)" (PDF). catalog.lib.kyushu-u.ac.jp. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2014-10-06. Retrieved 2 October 2014.
^ Rix, Martyn; Strange, Kit (April 2017). "855. Iris Stolonifera". Curtis's Botanical Magazine. 34 (1): 11–20. doi:10.1111/curt.12175.
^ Mary R.S. Creese (12 March 2015). Ladies in the Laboratory IV: Imperial Russia's Women in Science, 1800-1900: A Survey of Their Contributions to Research. Rowman & Littlefield Publishers. pp. 71–75. ISBN 978-1-4422-4742-0.
^ "Fedtschenko, Aleksei Pavlovich (Alexei Pawlowitsch) (1844-1873)". plants.jstor.org. Retrieved 2 October 2014.
^ Eveleigh, Pam (2013). "Primula fedtschenkoi ". primulaworld.com. Retrieved 2 October 2014.
^ "Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature" (PDF). bangor.ac.uk. March 2000. Retrieved 2 October 2014.
^ Beolens, Bo; Watkins, Michael; Grayson, Michael (2011). The Eponym Dictionary of Reptiles. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. xiii + 296 pp. ISBN 978-1-4214-0135-5. ("Fedtschenko", p. 88).
^ International Plant Names Index. A.Fedtsch.

External links[edit]

"Fedchenko, Alexei" . The American Cyclopædia. 1879.

[EB1911-1] One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Fedchenko, Alexis Pavlovich". Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 10 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 233.

[2] "Fedtschenko, Olga Alexandrowna (1845-1921)". plants.jstor.org. Retrieved 2 October 2014.

[3] Tadauchi, Osamu (30 June 2006). "The Genus Andrena from Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan, Collected by the Kyushu University Expedition (Hymenoptera, Andrenidae) (1)" (PDF). catalog.lib.kyushu-u.ac.jp. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2014-10-06. Retrieved 2 October 2014.

[Curtis-4] Rix, Martyn; Strange, Kit (April 2017). "855. Iris Stolonifera". Curtis's Botanical Magazine. 34 (1): 11–20. doi:10.1111/curt.12175.

[Creese2015-5] Mary R.S. Creese (12 March 2015). Ladies in the Laboratory IV: Imperial Russia's Women in Science, 1800-1900: A Survey of Their Contributions to Research. Rowman & Littlefield Publishers. pp. 71–75. ISBN 978-1-4422-4742-0.

[olga-6] "Fedtschenko, Aleksei Pavlovich (Alexei Pawlowitsch) (1844-1873)". plants.jstor.org. Retrieved 2 October 2014.

[7] Eveleigh, Pam (2013). "Primula fedtschenkoi ". primulaworld.com. Retrieved 2 October 2014.

[8] "Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature" (PDF). bangor.ac.uk. March 2000. Retrieved 2 October 2014.

[9] Beolens, Bo; Watkins, Michael; Grayson, Michael (2011). The Eponym Dictionary of Reptiles. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. xiii + 296 pp. ISBN 978-1-4214-0135-5. ("Fedtschenko", p. 88).

[10] International Plant Names Index. A.Fedtsch.

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@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
+{{Short description|Russian naturalist and explorer}}
 {{Infobox scientist
 |name              = Alexei Pavlovich Fedchenko
@@ Line 4: / Line 5: @@
 |image_size        =
 |caption           =
-|birth_date        = {{OldStyleDate|February 7|1844|February 19}}
+|birth_date        = {{OldStyleDate|7 February|1844|19 February}}
 |birth_place       = [[Irkutsk]], [[Russian Empire]]
-|death_date        = {{Death date and age|1873|8|31|1844|2|19|mf=yes}}
+|death_date        = 31 August/15 September 1873 (aged 29)
 |death_place       = [[Mont Blanc]], [[French Third Republic|France]]
-|residence         =
-|citizenship       =
-|nationality       =
-|ethnicity         =
 |fields            = Biology, geography, exploration
 |workplaces        =
 |alma_mater        = [[Moscow University]]
-|doctoral_advisor  =
-|academic_advisors =
-|doctoral_students =
-|notable_students  =
 |known_for         = Exploration of [[Turkestan]]
 |author_abbrev_bot = A.Fedtsch.
+|spouse = Olga Armfeldt (18??-1873; his death)
-|author_abbrev_zoo =
-|influences        =
-|influenced        =
-|awards            =
-|religion          =
-|signature         =  <!--(filename only)-->
-|footnotes         =
 }}
-'''Alexei Pavlovich Fedchenko''' ({{lang-ru|Алексей Павлович Федченко}}; 7 February 1844{{snd}}15 September 1873) was a [[Russia]]n [[natural history|naturalist]] and [[List of explorers|explorer]] well known for his travels in [[central Asia]]. Alternative transliterations of his name, used in languages such as German, include "Aleksei Pavlovich Fedtschenko" and "Alexei Pawlowitsch Fedtschenko".
+'''Alexei Pavlovich Fedchenko''' ({{lang-ru|Алексей Павлович Федченко}}; {{OldStyleDate|7 February|1844|19 February}}
+{{snd}} 31 August/15 September 1873), or '''Fedtschenko''', was a Russian [[natural history|naturalist]] and [[List of explorers|explorer]] well known for his travels in [[central Asia]]. Alternative transliterations of his name, used in languages such as German, include '''Aleksei Pavlovich Fedtschenko''' and '''Alexei Pawlowitsch Fedtschenko'''.
 ==Biography==
-Fedchenko was born at [[Irkutsk]], in [[Siberia]], and after attending the [[Gymnasium (school)|gymnasium]] of his native town, proceeded to the [[university of Moscow]], for the study more especially of [[zoology]] and [[geology]].<ref name="EB1911">{{EB1911|inline=y|wstitle=Fedchenko, Alexis Pavlovich|volume=10|page=233}}</ref>
+Fedchenko was born at [[Irkutsk]], in [[Siberia]], and after attending the [[Gymnasium (school)|gymnasium]] of his native town, proceeded to the [[University of Moscow]], to study [[zoology]] and [[geology]].<ref name="EB1911">{{EB1911|inline=y|wstitle=Fedchenko, Alexis Pavlovich|volume=10|page=233}}</ref>
-He married [[Olga Fedchenko|Olga Armfeldt]], a botanist.<ref>{{cite web|title=Fedtschenko, Olga Alexandrowna (1845-1921) |date= |url=http://plants.jstor.org/person/bm000336122 | publisher= plants.jstor.org | accessdate=2 October 2014}}</ref>
+He married [[Olga Fedchenko|Olga Armfeldt]], a botanist.<ref>{{cite web|title=Fedtschenko, Olga Alexandrowna (1845-1921) |date= |url=http://plants.jstor.org/person/bm000336122 | publisher= plants.jstor.org | accessdate=2 October 2014}}</ref> In 1868, they travelled through [[Turkestan]], [[Samarkand]], [[Panjakent]], and the upper [[Zarafshan River]] valley. In 1870, they explored the Fan Mountains south of the Zarafshan. In 1871, they reached the [[Alay Valley]] at [[Daroot-Korgan]] and saw the northern [[Pamir Mountains]] but were unable to penetrate southward.{{cn|date=November 2022}}
+He also collected significant numbers of insects from three explorations from 1869 to 1873. These were then studied by [[Ferdinand Morawitz]] in [[St Petersburg]]. He recorded 438 species belonging to 36 genera from Central Asia, 68 species of ''[[Andrena]]'', 17 species from Europe, and 51 new species.<ref>{{cite web|first=Osamu|last=Tadauchi|title=The Genus ''Andrena'' from Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan, Collected by the Kyushu University Expedition (Hymenoptera, Andrenidae) (1)|date=30 June 2006|url=http://catalog.lib.kyushu-u.ac.jp/handle/2324/2853/1_ESAKIA_46.pdf|publisher=catalog.lib.kyushu-u.ac.jp|accessdate=2 October 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006080118/http://catalog.lib.kyushu-u.ac.jp/handle/2324/2853/1_ESAKIA_46.pdf|archive-date=2014-10-06|url-status=dead}}</ref>
-In 1868, he and Olga travelled through [[Turkestan]], [[Samarkand]], [[Panjkent]] and the upper [[Zarafshan River]] valley. In 1870, they explored the Fan Mountains south of the Zarafshan. In 1871, they reached the [[Alay Valley]] at [[Daroot-Korgan]] and saw the northern [[Pamir Mountains]] but was unable to penetrate southward.
-He also collected significant numbers of insects from three explorations from 1869 to 1873. These were then studied by [[Ferdinand Morawitz]] in [[St Petersburg]]. He recorded 438 species belonging to 36 genera from Central Asia. 68 species of [[Andrena]], 17 species from Europe and 51 new species.<ref>{{cite web| first=Osamu |last=Tadauchi | title=The Genus Andrena from Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan, Collected by the Kyushu University Expedition (Hymenoptera, Andrenidae) (1)  | date=30 June 2006 | url=http://catalog.lib.kyushu-u.ac.jp/handle/2324/2853/1_ESAKIA_46.pdf| format=pdf | publisher=catalog.lib.kyushu-u.ac.jp | accessdate=2 October 2014}}</ref>
-Soon after their return to Europe, he perished on [[Mont Blanc]] while engaged in a tour in [[France]].{{Citation needed|date=January 2018|reason=previous citation https://web.archive.org/web/20150630140156/http://plants.jstor.org/stable/10.5555/al.ap.person.bm000331113 is about his son and does not mention his death.}} He had been trying to look at glaciers in France to see how they compared with those in Turkestan. His wife had him buried in [[Chamonix]].<ref name="Creese2015">{{cite book|author=Mary R. S. Creese|title=Ladies in the Laboratory IV: Imperial Russia's Women in Science, 1800-1900: A Survey of Their Contributions to Research|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=m1RuBwAAQBAJ&pg=PA72|date=12 March 2015|publisher=Rowman & Littlefield Publishers|isbn=978-1-4422-4742-0|pages=71–75}}</ref>
+Soon after their return to Europe, he perished on [[Mont Blanc]] while engaged in a tour in [[France]].<ref name="Curtis">{{cite journal|last1=Rix|first1=Martyn|title=855. Iris Stolonifera|last2=Strange|first2=Kit|journal=Curtis's Botanical Magazine|date=April 2017|volume=34|issue=1|pages=11–20|doi=10.1111/curt.12175}}</ref> He had been trying to look at glaciers in France to see how they compared with those in Turkestan. He was 29 years old. His widow had him buried in [[Chamonix]].<ref name="Creese2015">{{cite book|author=Mary R.S. Creese|title=Ladies in the Laboratory IV: Imperial Russia's Women in Science, 1800-1900: A Survey of Their Contributions to Research|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=m1RuBwAAQBAJ&pg=PA72|date=12 March 2015|publisher=Rowman & Littlefield Publishers|isbn=978-1-4422-4742-0|pages=71–75}}</ref>
-After he died his wife publishing his investigations and work, before she started re-exploring. She later worked with her (and Alexei's) son [[Boris Fedtschenko]], but Olga remained an important botanist in her own right.<ref name="olga">{{cite web|url=http://plants.jstor.org/person/bm000331113|title=Fedtschenko, Aleksei Pavlovich (Alexei Pawlowitsch) (1844-1873)|date=|publisher=plants.jstor.org|accessdate=2 October 2014}}</ref>
+After he died, his widow  published his investigations and work, before she started re-exploring. She later worked with their son, [[Boris Fedtschenko|Boris]], but Olga remained an important botanist in her own right.<ref name="olga">{{cite web|url=http://plants.jstor.org/person/bm000331113|title=Fedtschenko, Aleksei Pavlovich (Alexei Pawlowitsch) (1844-1873)|publisher=plants.jstor.org|accessdate=2 October 2014}}</ref>
-He also discovered the life cycle of [[Dracunculus (nematode)|Dracunculus]] which causes [[Dracunculiasis]], more commonly known as Guinea worm disease (GWD).
+Alexei Fedchenko discovered the life cycle of ''[[Dracunculus (nematode)|Dracunculus]]'' which causes [[Dracunculiasis]], more commonly known as Guinea worm disease (GWD). Accounts of the explorations and discoveries of Fedchenko were published by the Russian government:  his ''Journeys in Turkestan'' in 1874, ''In the Khanat of Khokand'' in 1875, and ''Botanical Discoveries'' in 1876. See also [[August Heinrich Petermann|Petermann]]'s ''Mittheilungen'' (1872–1874).<ref name="EB1911"/>
-Accounts of the explorations and discoveries of Fedchenko were published by the Russian government:  his ''Journeys in Turkestan'' in 1874, ''In the Khanat of Khokand'' in 1875, and ''Botanical Discoveries'' in 1876. See also [[August Heinrich Petermann|Petermann]]'s ''Mittheilungen'' (1872–1874).<ref name="EB1911"/>
 The [[Fedchenko Glacier]] in the [[Pamir Mountains|Pamir]]s is named after him, as is the asteroid [[3195 Fedchenko]].
-The botanical epithets 'fedtschenkoi' and 'fedtschenkoanus' may each refer to either to Alexei Fedtchenko, or his son Boris Fedtchenko.
+The botanical epithets ''fedtschenkoi'' and ''fedtschenkoanus'' may each refer to either Alexei Fedtchenko, or his son Boris Fedtchenko.
-[[Primula fedtschenkoi]] (Regel) was named after him in 1875.,<ref>{{cite web|first=Pam | last=Eveleigh | year=2013 |title=Primula fedtschenkoi | url=http://www.primulaworld.com/PWweb/gallery/fedtschenkoi/index.html | publisher=primulaworld.com | accessdate=2 October 2014}}</ref> [[Bambusa fecunda fedtschenkoi]] , may have been named after him. Also a [[Neuroptera|lacewing]] in 1875, [[lopezuz fedtschenkoi]] (MacLachlan).<ref>{{cite web|title=Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature |date=March 2000 |url=http://pages.bangor.ac.uk/~bss166/Publications/!BZNcaribbaeus.pdf | format=pdf| publisher=bangor.ac.uk | accessdate=2 October 2014}}</ref>
+''[[Primula fedtschenkoi]]'' (Regel) was named after him in 1875.<ref>{{cite web|first=Pam|last=Eveleigh|year=2013|title=''Primula fedtschenkoi ''|url=http://www.primulaworld.com/PWweb/gallery/fedtschenkoi/index.html|publisher=primulaworld.com|accessdate=2 October 2014}}</ref> ''[[Bambusa fecunda fedtschenkoi]]'', may have been named after him, also a [[Neuroptera|lacewing]] in 1875, ''[[Lopezus fedtschenkoi]]'' (MacLachlan).<ref>{{cite web|title=Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature |date=March 2000 |url=http://pages.bangor.ac.uk/~bss166/Publications/!BZNcaribbaeus.pdf | publisher=bangor.ac.uk | accessdate=2 October 2014}}</ref> A species of [[gecko]], ''[[Tenuidactylus fedtschenkoi]]'', is named in his honor.<ref>[[species:Bo Beolens|Beolens, Bo]]; [[species:Michael Watkins|Watkins, Michael]]; Grayson, Michael (2011). ''The Eponym Dictionary of Reptiles''. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. xiii + 296 pp. {{ISBN|978-1-4214-0135-5}}. ("Fedtschenko", p. 88).</ref>
 ==Works==
@@ Line 58: / Line 42: @@
 {{botanist|A.Fedtsch.}}
-==Notes==
+==References==
 {{reflist}}
-==References==
+==Further reading==
 *Robert Middleton and Huw Thomas, "Tajikistan and the High Pamirs", Odyssey Guides, 2008
-*Baker, D. B., 2004 Type material of Hymenoptera described by O. L. Radoszkowsky in the Natural History Museum, London,and the localities of A. P. Fedtschencko's Reise in Turkestan ''Dt. ent. Zeitschr.'' 51, 231-252.
+*Baker, D. B., 2004 Type material of Hymenoptera described by O. L. Radoszkowsky in the Natural History Museum, London, and the localities of A. P. Fedtschencko's Reise in Turkestan ''Dt. ent. Zeitschr.'' 51, 231–252.
-*Lohde, G. 1873 [Fedtschenko, A. P.] ''Berl. Ent. Ztschr''. 17 236-238.
+*Lohde, G. 1873 [Fedtschenko, A. P.] ''Berl. Ent. Ztschr''. 17 236–238.
 *Mac Lachlan, R. 1973 [Fedtschenko, A. P.] ''Entomologist's Monthly Magazine'' (3) 10(1873–74)141.
-*Pesenko, Yu. A. & Astafurova, Yu. V. 2003: Annotated Bibliography of Russian and Soviet Publications on the Bees 1771 - 2002 (Hymenoptera: Apoidea; excluding Apis mellifera). ''Denisia'' 11 1-616.
+*Pesenko, Yu. A. & Astafurova, Yu. V. 2003: Annotated Bibliography of Russian and Soviet Publications on the Bees 1771 - 2002 (Hymenoptera: Apoidea; excluding ''Apis mellifera''). ''Denisia'' 11 1–616.
-*Regel, E. 1874 [Fedtschenko, A. P.] ''Regel, Gartenflora'' 3-7, Portr.
+*Regel, E. 1874 [Fedtschenko, A. P.] ''Regel, Gartenflora'' 3–7, Portr.
 ==External links==
@@ Line 75: / Line 59: @@
 {{DEFAULTSORT:Fedchenko, Alexei Pavlovich}}
-[[Category:Explorers of Asia]]
-[[Category:Imperial Russian explorers]]
-[[Category:Russian entomologists]]
-[[Category:Hymenopterists]]
 [[Category:1844 births]]
 [[Category:1873 deaths]]
+[[Category:Explorers from the Russian Empire]]
+[[Category:Geographers from the Russian Empire]]
+[[Category:Geologists from the Russian Empire]]
+[[Category:Naturalists from the Russian Empire]]
+[[Category:19th-century botanists from the Russian Empire]]
+[[Category:Hymenopterists]]
+[[Category:Explorers of Asia]]
+[[Category:People from Irkutsk]]
+[[Category:Moscow State University alumni]]
+[[Category:Mountaineering deaths]]

Authority control databases
International	FAST ISNI VIAF WorldCat
National	Spain France BnF data Germany United States Czech Republic Netherlands Poland
Academics	International Plant Names Index CiNii
People	Deutsche Biographie
Other	IdRef

Latest revision as of 03:37, 24 November 2023

Biography[edit]

Works[edit]

References[edit]

Further reading[edit]

External links[edit]