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'''ALA-LC''' ([[American Library Association]] |
{{short description|American set of romanization standards}} |
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'''ALA-LC''' ([[American Library Association]]{{snd}}[[Library of Congress]]) is a set of standards for [[romanization]], the representation of text in other [[writing system]]s using the [[Latin script]]. |
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==Applications== |
==Applications== |
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and in publications throughout the English-speaking world. |
and in publications throughout the English-speaking world. |
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The [[Anglo-American Cataloguing Rules]] require catalogers to romanize access points from their non-Roman originals.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Agenbroad|first1=James E.|title=Romanization Is Not Enough|journal=Cataloging & Classification Quarterly|date=5 June 2006|volume=42|issue=2|pages=21–34|doi=10.1300/J104v42n02_03}}</ref> However, as the [[MARC standards]] have been expanded to allow records containing [[Unicode]] characters,<ref>{{cite journal|last1=McCallum|first1=S.H.|title=MARC: keystone for library automation|journal=IEEE Annals of the History of Computing|volume=24|issue=2|pages=34–49|doi=10.1109/MAHC.2002.1010068}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|last1=Aliprand|first1=Joan M.|title=The Structure and Content of MARC 21 Records in the Unicode Environment|journal=Information Technology and Libraries|date=22 January 2013|volume=24|issue=4|doi=10.6017/ital.v24i4.3381}}</ref> |
The [[Anglo-American Cataloguing Rules]] require catalogers to romanize access points from their non-Roman originals.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Agenbroad|first1=James E.|title=Romanization Is Not Enough|journal=Cataloging & Classification Quarterly|date=5 June 2006|volume=42|issue=2|pages=21–34|doi=10.1300/J104v42n02_03|s2cid=218589002 }}</ref> However, as the [[MARC standards]] have been expanded to allow records containing [[Unicode]] characters,<ref>{{cite journal|last1=McCallum|first1=S.H.|title=MARC: keystone for library automation|journal=IEEE Annals of the History of Computing|volume=24|issue=2|pages=34–49|doi=10.1109/MAHC.2002.1010068|year=2002}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|last1=Aliprand|first1=Joan M.|title=The Structure and Content of MARC 21 Records in the Unicode Environment|journal=Information Technology and Libraries|date=22 January 2013|volume=24|issue=4|pages=170|doi=10.6017/ital.v24i4.3381|doi-access=free}}</ref> |
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many cataloguers now include bibliographic data in both Roman and original scripts. The emerging [[Resource Description and Access]] continues many of AACR's recommendations but refers to the process as "transliteration" rather than "Romanization."<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Seikel|first1=Michele|title=No More Romanizing: The Attempt to Be Less Anglocentric in RDA|journal=Cataloging & Classification Quarterly|date=9 October 2009|volume=47|issue=8|pages=741–748|doi=10.1080/01639370903203192}}</ref> |
many cataloguers now include bibliographic data in both Roman and original scripts. The emerging [[Resource Description and Access]] continues many of AACR's recommendations but refers to the process as "[[transliteration]]" rather than "Romanization."<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Seikel|first1=Michele|title=No More Romanizing: The Attempt to Be Less Anglocentric in RDA|journal=Cataloging & Classification Quarterly|date=9 October 2009|volume=47|issue=8|pages=741–748|doi=10.1080/01639370903203192|s2cid=60695345}}</ref> |
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==Scripts== |
==Scripts== |
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The ALA-LC Romanization includes over 70 romanization tables.<ref>{{cite web|title=ALA-LC Romanization Tables|url=https://www.loc.gov/catdir/cpso/roman.html|website=Cataloging and Acquisitions|publisher=Library of Congress| |
The ALA-LC Romanization includes over 70 romanization tables.<ref>{{cite web|title=ALA-LC Romanization Tables|url=https://www.loc.gov/catdir/cpso/roman.html|website=Cataloging and Acquisitions|publisher=Library of Congress|access-date=2 June 2014}}</ref> Here are some examples of tables: |
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* A [[Cherokee language|Cherokee]] Romanization table was created by the LC and ALA in 2012 and subsequently approved by the Cherokee Tri-Council meeting in [[Cherokee, North Carolina]]. It was the first ALA-LC |
* A [[Cherokee language|Cherokee]] Romanization table was created by the LC and ALA in 2012 and subsequently approved by the Cherokee Tri-Council meeting in [[Cherokee, North Carolina]]. It was the first ALA-LC Romanization table for a Native American syllabary.<ref>{{cite web|title=Cherokee Romanization Table|url=https://www.loc.gov/catdir/cpso/roman_cherokee.html|website=Cataloging and Acquisitions|publisher=Library of Congress|access-date=2 June 2014|year=2012}}</ref> |
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* The [[Chinese language|Chinese]] Romanization table used the [[Wade–Giles]] transliteration system until 1997, when the Library of Congress (LC) announced a decision to switch to the [[Pinyin]] system.<ref>{{cite journal|author1=Council on East Asian Libraries (CEAL) Pinyin Liaison Group|title=Final Report on Pinyin Conversion|journal=Chinese Librarianship: |
* The [[Chinese language|Chinese]] Romanization table used the [[Wade–Giles]] transliteration system until 1997, when the Library of Congress (LC) announced a decision to switch to the [[Pinyin]] system.<ref>{{cite journal|author1=Council on East Asian Libraries (CEAL) Pinyin Liaison Group|title=Final Report on Pinyin Conversion|journal=Chinese Librarianship: An International Electronic Journal|date=March 2000|volume=9|url=http://www.white-clouds.com/iclc/cliej/cl9ceal.htm|access-date=2 June 2014|issn=1089-4667}}</ref> |
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==See also== |
==See also== |
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* [[ALA-LC romanization for Russian]] |
* [[ALA-LC romanization for Russian]] |
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* [[Devanagari transliteration]] |
* [[Devanagari transliteration]] |
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* [[Romanization of Belarusian]] |
* [[Romanization of Belarusian]] |
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* [[Romanization of Bulgarian]] |
* [[Romanization of Bulgarian]] |
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* [[Romanization of Khmer]] |
* [[Romanization of Khmer]] |
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* [[Romanization of Georgian]] |
* [[Romanization of Georgian]] |
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* [[Romanization of Persian]] |
* [[Romanization of Persian]] |
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{{Romanization}} |
{{Romanization}} |
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[[Category:Library cataloging and classification]] |
[[Category:Library cataloging and classification]] |
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{{latin-script-stub}} |
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{{US-stub}} |
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Latest revision as of 00:57, 23 July 2023
ALA-LC (American Library Association – Library of Congress) is a set of standards for romanization, the representation of text in other writing systems using the Latin script.
Applications[edit]
The system is used to represent bibliographic information by North American libraries and the British Library (for acquisitions since 1975)[1] and in publications throughout the English-speaking world.
The Anglo-American Cataloguing Rules require catalogers to romanize access points from their non-Roman originals.[2] However, as the MARC standards have been expanded to allow records containing Unicode characters,[3][4] many cataloguers now include bibliographic data in both Roman and original scripts. The emerging Resource Description and Access continues many of AACR's recommendations but refers to the process as "transliteration" rather than "Romanization."[5]
Scripts[edit]
The ALA-LC Romanization includes over 70 romanization tables.[6] Here are some examples of tables:
- A Cherokee Romanization table was created by the LC and ALA in 2012 and subsequently approved by the Cherokee Tri-Council meeting in Cherokee, North Carolina. It was the first ALA-LC Romanization table for a Native American syllabary.[7]
- The Chinese Romanization table used the Wade–Giles transliteration system until 1997, when the Library of Congress (LC) announced a decision to switch to the Pinyin system.[8]
See also[edit]
References[edit]
- ^ "Searching for Cyrillic items in the catalogues of the British Library: guidelines and transliteration tables"
- ^ Agenbroad, James E. (5 June 2006). "Romanization Is Not Enough". Cataloging & Classification Quarterly. 42 (2): 21–34. doi:10.1300/J104v42n02_03. S2CID 218589002.
- ^ McCallum, S.H. (2002). "MARC: keystone for library automation". IEEE Annals of the History of Computing. 24 (2): 34–49. doi:10.1109/MAHC.2002.1010068.
- ^ Aliprand, Joan M. (22 January 2013). "The Structure and Content of MARC 21 Records in the Unicode Environment". Information Technology and Libraries. 24 (4): 170. doi:10.6017/ital.v24i4.3381.
- ^ Seikel, Michele (9 October 2009). "No More Romanizing: The Attempt to Be Less Anglocentric in RDA". Cataloging & Classification Quarterly. 47 (8): 741–748. doi:10.1080/01639370903203192. S2CID 60695345.
- ^ "ALA-LC Romanization Tables". Cataloging and Acquisitions. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2 June 2014.
- ^ "Cherokee Romanization Table". Cataloging and Acquisitions. Library of Congress. 2012. Retrieved 2 June 2014.
- ^ Council on East Asian Libraries (CEAL) Pinyin Liaison Group (March 2000). "Final Report on Pinyin Conversion". Chinese Librarianship: An International Electronic Journal. 9. ISSN 1089-4667. Retrieved 2 June 2014.