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==Life==
==Life==


His birthplace is contested among sources. According to [[Encyclopedia of Islam]]<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Heidrun|first1=Eichner|title=Al-Abharī, Athīr al-Dīn|journal=Encyclopaedia of Islam, Three|date=December 2008|url=http://referenceworks.brillonline.com/entries/encyclopaedia-of-islam-3/al-abhari-athir-al-din-COM_26284?s.num=204&s.rows=100&s.start=200|publisher=Brill|access-date=20 February 2017|language=en}}</ref> and [[Encyclopedia Islamica]],<ref name=islamica /> he was born in [[Abhar]], a small town between [[Qazvin]] and [[Zanjan, Iran|Zanjan]]. [[Encyclopedia Iranica]] mentions that he was born in [[Mosul]],{{sfn|Sarıoğlu|2007}}<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/abhari-samarqandi-air-al-din-d-1264-logician-mathematician-and-astronomer|title=Welcome to Encyclopaedia Iranica}}</ref> but according to [[Encyclopedia Islamica]], none of his oldest biographers mentioned Mosul as his birthplace.<ref name=islamica>{{cite web|title=Athir al-Din al-Abhari|url=http://www.cgie.org.ir/fa/publication/entryview/3937|website=Encyclopedia Islamica|publisher=[[CGIE]]|access-date=5 February 2017}}</ref> Beside the city of Abhar, his epithet al-Abharī could suggest that he or his ancestors originally stem from the [[Abhar]] tribe.{{sfn|Sarıoğlu|2007}} He may have died of [[paralysis]] in [[Iranian Azerbaijan|Adharbayjan]].{{sfn|Sarıoğlu|2007}}
His birthplace is contested among sources. According to the ''[[Encyclopaedia of Islam]]''<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Heidrun|first1=Eichner|title=Al-Abharī, Athīr al-Dīn|journal=Encyclopaedia of Islam, Three|date=December 2008|url=http://referenceworks.brillonline.com/entries/encyclopaedia-of-islam-3/al-abhari-athir-al-din-COM_26284?s.num=204&s.rows=100&s.start=200|publisher=Brill|access-date=20 February 2017|language=en}}</ref> and the ''[[Encyclopaedia Islamica]]'',<ref name=islamica /> he was born in [[Abhar]], a small town between [[Qazvin]] and [[Zanjan, Iran|Zanjan]]. ''[[Encyclopædia Iranica]]'' mentions that he was born in [[Mosul]],{{sfn|Sarıoğlu|2007}}<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/abhari-samarqandi-air-al-din-d-1264-logician-mathematician-and-astronomer|title=Welcome to Encyclopaedia Iranica}}</ref> but according to ''Encyclopaedia Islamica'', none of his oldest biographers mentioned Mosul as his birthplace.<ref name=islamica>{{cite web|title=Athir al-Din al-Abhari|url=http://www.cgie.org.ir/fa/publication/entryview/3937|website=Encyclopedia Islamica|publisher=[[CGIE]]|access-date=5 February 2017}}</ref> Beside the city of Abhar, the epithet al-Abharī could suggest that he or his ancestors originally stem from the Abhar tribe.{{sfn|Sarıoğlu|2007}} He may have died of [[paralysis]] in [[Iranian Azerbaijan|Adharbayjan]].{{sfn|Sarıoğlu|2007}}


He is said to have been a student or teacher in various schools at [[Khurāsān]], [[Baghdad]], and [[Arbil]], living for some time in [[Sivas]].{{sfn|Sarıoğlu|2007}} [[Ibn Khallikān]] reports that he was student of [[Kamāl al‐Dīn ibn Yūnus]], but other sources state that he worked as an assistant to [[Fakhr al‐Dīn al‐Rāzī]].
He is said to have been a student or teacher in various schools in [[Greater Khorasan]], and in [[Baghdad]] and [[Erbil]], living for some time in [[Sivas]].{{sfn|Sarıoğlu|2007}} [[Ibn Khallikān]] reports that he was a student of [[Kamal al-Din ibn Yunus]], but other sources state that he worked as an assistant to [[Fakhr al‐Dīn al‐Rāzī]].


==Works==
==Works==
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; Philosophy
; Philosophy
* ''{{transl|ar|ALA|Hidayah al-Hikmah}}'' (''Guide on Philosophy''): a book dealing with the complete cycle of Hikmat, i.e., [[logic]], [[natural philosophy]], and [[metaphysics]].
* ''{{transliteration|ar|ALA|Hidayah al-Hikmah}}'' (''Guide on Philosophy''): a book dealing with the complete cycle of Hikmat, i.e., [[logic]], [[natural philosophy]], and [[metaphysics]].
* ''{{transl|ar|ALA|Isāghūjī fi al-Manṭiq}}'' (Commentary on [[Porphyry (philosopher)|Porphyry]]'s ''Isagoge''), a treatise on [[logic]]. Latin Translation by [[Thomas Obicini]]; ''Īsāghūkhī, Isagoge. Id est, breve Introductorium Arabicum in Scientiam Logices: cum versione latina: ac theses Sanctae Fidei. R. P. F. Thomae Novariensis'' (1625).
* ''{{transliteration|ar|ALA|Isāghūjī fi al-Manṭiq}}'' (Commentary on [[Porphyry (philosopher)|Porphyry]]'s ''Isagoge''), a treatise on [[logic]]. Latin Translation by [[Thomas Obicini]]; ''Īsāghūkhī, Isagoge. Id est, breve Introductorium Arabicum in Scientiam Logices: cum versione latina: ac theses Sanctae Fidei. R. P. F. Thomae Novariensis'' (1625).


==Notes==
==Notes==
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==References==
==References==
* {{cite encyclopedia | editor = Thomas Hockey | last = Sarıoğlu | first = Hüseyin | title=Abharī: Athīr al‐Dīn al‐Mufaḍḍal ibn ʿUmar ibn al‐Mufaḍḍal al‐Samarqandī al‐Abharī | encyclopedia = The Biographical Encyclopedia of Astronomers | publisher = Springer | year = 2007 | location = New York | pages = 7–8 | url=http://islamsci.mcgill.ca/RASI/BEA/Abhari_BEA.htm | isbn=978-0-387-31022-0 |display-editors=etal}} ([http://islamsci.mcgill.ca/RASI/BEA/Abhari_BEA.pdf PDF version])
* {{cite encyclopedia | editor = Thomas Hockey | last = Sarıoğlu | first = Hüseyin | title=Abharī: Athīr al‐Dīn al‐Mufaḍḍal ibn ʿUmar ibn al‐Mufaḍḍal al‐Samarqandī al‐Abharī | encyclopedia = The Biographical Encyclopedia of Astronomers | publisher = Springer | year = 2007 | location = New York | pages = 7–8 | url=http://islamsci.mcgill.ca/RASI/BEA/Abhari_BEA.htm | isbn=978-0-387-31022-0 |display-editors=etal}} ([http://islamsci.mcgill.ca/RASI/BEA/Abhari_BEA.pdf PDF version])
* Brockelmann, C. "[http://www.brillonline.nl/subscriber/entry?entry=islam_SIM-0144 al- Abharī , At̲h̲īr al-Dīn Mufaḍḍal b. ʿUmar]." Encyclopaedia of Islam. Edited by: P. Bearman, Th. Bianquis, C.E. Bosworth, E. van Donzel and W.P. Heinrichs. Brill, 2008. Brill Online.
* Masjid Darus Salam. "[https://masjidds.org/2020/01/06/a-brief-biographical-sketch-of-imam-athir-al-din-al-abhari/ al- Abharī, At̲h̲īr al-Dīn Mufaḍḍal b. ʿUmar]." '''A Brief Biographical Sketch of Imām Athīr al-Dīn al-Abharī''' By Mohammad Mustafa Ali (4th Year Alim Student, DarusSalam Seminary).


==Further reading==
==Further reading==
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[[Category:1265 deaths]]
[[Category:1265 deaths]]
[[Category:13th-century Iranian mathematicians]]
[[Category:13th-century Iranian mathematicians]]
[[Category:Mathematicians of medieval Islam]]
[[Category:13th-century Iranian astronomers]]
[[Category:13th-century astronomers]]
[[Category:People from Abhar]]
[[Category:People from Abhar]]
[[Category:13th-century Iranian philosophers]]
[[Category:13th-century Iranian philosophers]]

Latest revision as of 03:59, 1 February 2024

Al-Abhārī
Died1262–1265
Shabestar, Iran
Academic background
InfluencesKamāl al‐Dīn ibn Yūnus, Fakhr al‐Dīn al‐Rāzī, Kūshyār ibn Labbān, Jābir ibn Aflaḥ
Academic work
EraIslamic Golden Age
School or traditionSunni Ashari
Main interestsAstronomy, Mathematics, Philosophy, Islam
InfluencedIbn Khallikān, al‐Kātibī, Shams al‐Dīn al‐Iṣfahānī, al-Samarqandī, al‐Qazwīnī, Naṣīr al‐Dīn al-Ṭūsī.[1]

Athīr al‐Dīn al‐Mufaḍḍal ibn ʿUmar ibn al‐Mufaḍḍal al‐Samarqandī al‐Abharī, also known as Athīr al‐Dīn al‐Munajjim (d. in 1265 or 1262[2] Shabestar, Iran)[1] was an Iranian muslim polymath, philosopher, astronomer, astrologer and mathematician. Other than his influential writings, he had many famous disciples.

Life[edit]

His birthplace is contested among sources. According to the Encyclopaedia of Islam[3] and the Encyclopaedia Islamica,[4] he was born in Abhar, a small town between Qazvin and Zanjan. Encyclopædia Iranica mentions that he was born in Mosul,[1][5] but according to Encyclopaedia Islamica, none of his oldest biographers mentioned Mosul as his birthplace.[4] Beside the city of Abhar, the epithet al-Abharī could suggest that he or his ancestors originally stem from the Abhar tribe.[1] He may have died of paralysis in Adharbayjan.[1]

He is said to have been a student or teacher in various schools in Greater Khorasan, and in Baghdad and Erbil, living for some time in Sivas.[1] Ibn Khallikān reports that he was a student of Kamal al-Din ibn Yunus, but other sources state that he worked as an assistant to Fakhr al‐Dīn al‐Rāzī.

Works[edit]

Astronomy
  • Risāla fī al‐hayʾa (Treatise on astronomy).
  • Mukhtaṣar fī al‐hayʾa (Epitome on astronomy).
  • Kashf al‐ḥaqāʾiq fī taḥrīr al‐daqāʾiq, where he accepts the view that the celestial bodies do not change and maintains that stars have volition and it is the source of their motion.[1]
Mathematics
Philosophy
  • Hidayah al-Hikmah (Guide on Philosophy): a book dealing with the complete cycle of Hikmat, i.e., logic, natural philosophy, and metaphysics.
  • Isāghūjī fi al-Manṭiq (Commentary on Porphyry's Isagoge), a treatise on logic. Latin Translation by Thomas Obicini; Īsāghūkhī, Isagoge. Id est, breve Introductorium Arabicum in Scientiam Logices: cum versione latina: ac theses Sanctae Fidei. R. P. F. Thomae Novariensis (1625).

Notes[edit]

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h Sarıoğlu 2007.
  2. ^ according to Barhebraeus
  3. ^ Heidrun, Eichner (December 2008). "Al-Abharī, Athīr al-Dīn". Encyclopaedia of Islam, Three. Brill. Retrieved 20 February 2017.
  4. ^ a b "Athir al-Din al-Abhari". Encyclopedia Islamica. CGIE. Retrieved 5 February 2017.
  5. ^ "Welcome to Encyclopaedia Iranica".

References[edit]

Further reading[edit]

  • Calverley, Edwin E. (1933). "Al-Abharī's "Isāghūjī fi l-Manṭiq"". Macdonald.

External links[edit]

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Athir_al-Din_al-Abhari&oldid=1201666178"