Monument to the Victims of the Holocaust (Madrid): Difference between revisions
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{{Short description|Spanish memorial inaugurated in 2007}} |
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{{Infobox monument |
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The '''Monument to the Victims of the Holocaust''' ({{lang-es|Monumento a las víctimas del Holocausto}}) is a monument in [[Madrid]], |
The '''Monument to the Victims of the Holocaust''' ({{lang-es|Monumento a las víctimas del Holocausto}}) is a monument in [[Madrid]], Spain, in memory of the [[victims of the Holocaust]] during [[World War II]]. It is located in the Three Cultures Garden ({{lang-es|Jardín de las Tres Culturas}}) in [[Juan Carlos I Park]]. Inaugurated in 2007, the monument was the first [[Holocaust memorial]] in Spain. |
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==Context and history== |
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==History== |
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The establishment of a permanent Holocaust memorial coincided with increased attention to Holocaust remembrance in Spain, between late 2004 and May 2005, ahead of the 60th anniversary of the liberation of [[Mauthausen concentration camp]], where more than 16,000 Spaniards were killed. Mauthausen held thousands of Spanish political prisoners who opposed the [[Francoist Spain|Franco regime]]. On 15 December 2004, Spain established 27 January as the [[Holocaust memorial days|Day for the Remembrance of the Holocaust and the Prevention of Crimes]] ({{lang-es|Día Oficial de la Memoria del Holocausto y la Prevención de los Crímenes contra la Humanidad}}) after a [[United Nations]] resolution instituted [[International Holocaust Remembrance Day]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Order AEC/4150/2004 |url=https://www.boe.es/buscar/doc.php?id=BOE-A-2004-21332 |website=[[Boletín Oficial del Estado|Official State Gazette of Spain]] | pages=41356 |publisher=State Agency of Official State Gazette |access-date=13 March 2023}}</ref> |
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In 2005, Spanish Prime Minister José Luis Zapatero visited the [[Mauthausen concentration camp]] on the 60th anniversary of its liberation. Mauthausen held thousands of Spanish political prisoners who opposed the [[Francoist Spain|Franco regime]]. Zapatero was the first prime minister to visit a concentration camp.<ref name="Information Portal">{{cite web |title=Memorial for the victims of the Holocaust |url=https://www.memorialmuseums.org/eng/denkmaeler/view/1215/Memorial-for-the-victims-of-the-Holocaust |website=Information Portal to European Sites of Remembrance |publisher=Memorial to the Murdered Jews of Europe |access-date=13 March 2023}}</ref> |
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On April |
On 28 April 2005, the week of the anniversary of the liberation, the [[City Council of Madrid|Madrid City Council]] unanimously approved the establishment of a Holocaust memorial.<ref name="Information Portal">{{cite web |title=Memorial for the victims of the Holocaust |url=https://www.memorialmuseums.org/eng/denkmaeler/view/1215/Memorial-for-the-victims-of-the-Holocaust |website=Information Portal to European Sites of Remembrance |publisher=Memorial to the Murdered Jews of Europe |access-date=13 March 2023}}</ref> In an agreement between the Madrid City Council and the [[Federation of Jewish Communities of Spain|Jewish Community of Madrid]] ({{lang-es|Comunidad Judia de Madrid}}) (CJM), the Jewish community bore the 53,600-euro construction cost as a donation to the city.<ref name="Europa Press">{{cite news |title=El Monumento a las Víctimas del Holocausto, de 10 metros y cuatro toneladas, será inaugurado el día 15 en Madrid |url=https://www.europapress.es/sociedad/noticia-monumento-victimas-holocausto-10-metros-cuatro-toneladas-sera-inaugurado-dia-15-madrid-20070407115722.html |access-date=13 March 2023 |publisher=Europa Press}}</ref> |
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Upon completion, the memorial was dedicated by [[Mayor of Madrid]] [[Alberto Ruiz-Gallardón]] on 12 March 2007.<ref name="Madrid inauguration" /> The monument was the first [[List of Holocaust memorials and museums|Holocaust memorial]] in Spain.<ref name="Madrid inauguration">{{cite web |title=Madrid rinde homenaje a las víctimas del holocausto judío |url=https://www.madrid.es/portales/munimadrid/es/Inicio/Actualidad/Noticias/Madrid-rinde-homenaje-a-las-victimas-del-holocausto-judio/?vgnextfmt=default&vgnextoid=61bcbf8bf31f1110VgnVCM1000000b205a0aRCRD&vgnextchannel=a12149fa40ec9410VgnVCM100000171f5a0aRCRD |website=Madrid City Council website |publisher=[[Madrid City Council]] |access-date=13 March 2023}}</ref> In 2017, the northwest town of [[Oviedo]] became the second city in Spain with a Holocaust memorial.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Castellano |first1=Jorge |title=Holocaust memorial in Spain defaced by vandals |url=https://www.jta.org/2021/11/17/global/holocaust-memorial-in-spain-defaced-by-vandals |access-date=16 March 2023 |agency=Jewish Telegraphic Agency |date=17 November 2021}}</ref> |
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==Description== |
==Description== |
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The monument |
The monument was created by sculptor Samuel Nahon Bengio, an Israeli of Sephardic Jewish descent. It stands in the Three Cultures Garden in Madrid's Juan Carlos I Park. The garden symbolises the coexistence of Christians, Muslims, and Jews.<ref name="Madrid inauguration" /> |
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Forty-four columns of steel and wooden [[railroad tie]]s form a [[Star of David]], |
Forty-four columns of steel and wooden [[railroad tie]]s form a [[Star of David]], surrounding a raised platform with 10-meter high center column.<ref name="Information Portal" /> The railroad ties are nailed upright, directly into the ground, to simulate tombstones in a cemetery.<ref name="Patriomonio">{{cite web |title=A las victimas del Holocausto |url=http://149.235.17.77/FrameWork/generacionPDFMonumenta/409634.pdf?idMonumento=6148091d1b9c4510091d1b9c45102e085a0aRCRD&tipoMon=M&cacheKey=9 |website=Patriomonio Cultural y Paisaje Urbano |publisher=[[Community of Madrid]] |access-date=13 March 2023}}</ref> |
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On one side of the platform is a sculpture made of wooden railroad ties of a father holding his son in his arms. On a pathway leading to the platform is a commemorative bronze plaque with the following inscription:<ref name="Patriomonio" /> |
On one side of the platform is a sculpture made of wooden railroad ties of a father holding his son in his arms. On a pathway leading to the platform is a commemorative bronze plaque with the following inscription:<ref name="Patriomonio" /> |
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| <poem>Monumento en recuerdo a las |
| <poem>Monumento en recuerdo a las |
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victimas del Holocausto |
victimas del Holocausto |
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en memoria de los seis millones de |
en memoria de los seis millones de judíos asesinados |
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durante la |
durante la shoá por la barbarie Nazi, así como de las |
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victimas |
victimas españolas, gitanas y otros colectivos |
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igualmente asesinados en los campos de exterminio |
igualmente asesinados en los campos de exterminio |
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15 de abril de 2007 – 27 de |
15 de abril de 2007 – 27 de Nisán de 5767 |
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</poem> |
</poem> |
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|<poem>Monument in remembrance to the |
|<poem>Monument in remembrance to the |
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==See also== |
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* [[List of Holocaust memorials and museums]] |
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==References== |
==References== |
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{{Reflist}} |
{{Reflist}} |
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{{The Holocaust}} |
{{The Holocaust}} |
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[[Category:Holocaust |
[[Category:Holocaust memorials]] |
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[[Category:Buildings and structures in the Community of Madrid]] |
[[Category:Buildings and structures in the Community of Madrid]] |
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[[Category:Monuments and memorials in the Community of Madrid]] |
[[Category:Monuments and memorials in the Community of Madrid]] |
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[[Category:2007 establishments in Spain]] |
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[[Category:Jews and Judaism in Spain]] |
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Latest revision as of 01:04, 10 December 2023
Monumento a las víctimas del Holocausto | |
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| 40°27′50″N 3°36′21″W / 40.46389°N 3.60583°W | |
| Location | Juan Carlos I Park, Madrid, Spain |
|---|---|
| Designer | Samuel Nahon Bengio (sculptor) Alberto Stisin (architect) |
| Material | steel and wood railroad ties |
| Height | 10 meters |
| Completion date | 2007 |
| Dedicated date | 12 March 2007 |
| Dedicated to | Victims of the Holocaust |
The Monument to the Victims of the Holocaust (Spanish: Monumento a las víctimas del Holocausto) is a monument in Madrid, Spain, in memory of the victims of the Holocaust during World War II. It is located in the Three Cultures Garden (Spanish: Jardín de las Tres Culturas) in Juan Carlos I Park. Inaugurated in 2007, the monument was the first Holocaust memorial in Spain.
Context and history
[edit]The establishment of a permanent Holocaust memorial coincided with increased attention to Holocaust remembrance in Spain, between late 2004 and May 2005, ahead of the 60th anniversary of the liberation of Mauthausen concentration camp, where more than 16,000 Spaniards were killed. Mauthausen held thousands of Spanish political prisoners who opposed the Franco regime. On 15 December 2004, Spain established 27 January as the Day for the Remembrance of the Holocaust and the Prevention of Crimes (Spanish: Día Oficial de la Memoria del Holocausto y la Prevención de los Crímenes contra la Humanidad) after a United Nations resolution instituted International Holocaust Remembrance Day.[1]
On 28 April 2005, the week of the anniversary of the liberation, the Madrid City Council unanimously approved the establishment of a Holocaust memorial.[2] In an agreement between the Madrid City Council and the Jewish Community of Madrid (Spanish: Comunidad Judia de Madrid) (CJM), the Jewish community bore the 53,600-euro construction cost as a donation to the city.[3]
Upon completion, the memorial was dedicated by Mayor of Madrid Alberto Ruiz-Gallardón on 12 March 2007.[4] The monument was the first Holocaust memorial in Spain.[4] In 2017, the northwest town of Oviedo became the second city in Spain with a Holocaust memorial.[5]
Description
[edit]The monument was created by sculptor Samuel Nahon Bengio, an Israeli of Sephardic Jewish descent. It stands in the Three Cultures Garden in Madrid's Juan Carlos I Park. The garden symbolises the coexistence of Christians, Muslims, and Jews.[4]
Forty-four columns of steel and wooden railroad ties form a Star of David, surrounding a raised platform with 10-meter high center column.[2] The railroad ties are nailed upright, directly into the ground, to simulate tombstones in a cemetery.[6]
On one side of the platform is a sculpture made of wooden railroad ties of a father holding his son in his arms. On a pathway leading to the platform is a commemorative bronze plaque with the following inscription:[6]
| Spanish[6] | English |
|---|---|
Monumento en recuerdo a las |
Monument in remembrance to the |
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ "Order AEC/4150/2004". Official State Gazette of Spain. State Agency of Official State Gazette. p. 41356. Retrieved 13 March 2023.
- ^ a b "Memorial for the victims of the Holocaust". Information Portal to European Sites of Remembrance. Memorial to the Murdered Jews of Europe. Retrieved 13 March 2023.
- ^ "El Monumento a las Víctimas del Holocausto, de 10 metros y cuatro toneladas, será inaugurado el día 15 en Madrid". Europa Press. Retrieved 13 March 2023.
- ^ a b c "Madrid rinde homenaje a las víctimas del holocausto judío". Madrid City Council website. Madrid City Council. Retrieved 13 March 2023.
- ^ Castellano, Jorge (17 November 2021). "Holocaust memorial in Spain defaced by vandals". Jewish Telegraphic Agency. Retrieved 16 March 2023.
- ^ a b c "A las victimas del Holocausto" (PDF). Patriomonio Cultural y Paisaje Urbano. Community of Madrid. Retrieved 13 March 2023.