ester

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See also: Ester, éster, and Estèr

English

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English Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia

Etymology

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From German Ester, perhaps a contraction or abstraction of Essigäther (ethyl acetate), from Essig (vinegar) (from Latin acetum) and Äther (ether). See ether for more.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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ester (plural esters)

  1. (organic chemistry) A compound most often formed by the condensation of an alcohol and an acid, with elimination of water, which contains the functional group carbon-oxygen double bond (i.e., carbonyl) joined via carbon to another oxygen atom.
    • 1991, Malcolm B. Hale et al., “New Products and Markets for Menhaden, Brevoortia spp.”, in Marine Fisheries Review, volume 53, number 4, page 47:
      To produce a test material containing at least 75 percent omega-3 polyunsaturates, the menhaden triglycerides are transesterified to produce fatty acid ethyl esters. The esters are reacted with urea dissolved in hot ethanol and the solution is cooled overnight.
    • 1991, W. F. Kean, C. J. L. Lock, H. E. Howard-Lock, “Chirality in antirheumatic drugs”, in The Lancet, volume 338, →DOI, page 1567:
      The thiol-coenzyme-A ester formed by R-arylpropionic acid can bind to triglyceride to form a “hybrid” triglyceride: such hybrid triglycerides can cause alteration of fatty-acid metabolism and membrane function, and a lipophilic triglyceride–propionic-acid hybrid would be able to cross lipid membranes such as the blood–brain barrier.
    • 1996, Steven Ashley, “Composite car structures pass the crash test”, in Mechanical Engineering[1], volume 118, number 12, page 60:
      The effort’s primary material systems are vinyl esters and polyurethanes, reinforced with inexpensive chopped-glass rovings. Automated glass-fiber preforming processes and high-rate molding procedures are being studied in an effort to reduce cycle times and production costs substantially.

Derived terms

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Translations

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Anagrams

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Cornish

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Noun

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ester f (singulative estren)

  1. oysters

Czech

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Noun

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ester m inan

  1. ester

Declension

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Further reading

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  • ester”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
  • ester”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989

Danish

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Etymology 1

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Noun

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ester c (singular definite esteren, plural indefinite estere)

  1. Estonian
Declension
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Synonyms
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Etymology 2

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From German Ester.

Noun

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ester c (singular definite esteren, plural indefinite estere)

  1. ester
Declension
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Derived terms
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References

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Dutch

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Dutch Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia nl

Etymology

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Borrowed from German Ester.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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ester m (plural esters, diminutive estertje n)

  1. (organic chemistry) ester

Descendants

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  • Indonesian: ester

Estonian

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Etymology

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German Ester.

Noun

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ester (genitive estri, partitive estrit)

  1. (organic chemistry) ester

Declension

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Declension of ester (ÕS type 2/õpik, no gradation)
singular plural
nominative ester estrid
accusative nom.
gen. estri
genitive estrite
partitive estrit estreid
illative estrisse estritesse
estreisse
inessive estris estrites
estreis
elative estrist estritest
estreist
allative estrile estritele
estreile
adessive estril estritel
estreil
ablative estrilt estritelt
estreilt
translative estriks estriteks
estreiks
terminative estrini estriteni
essive estrina estritena
abessive estrita estriteta
comitative estriga estritega

Further reading

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French

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Etymology 1

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Inherited from Old French ester (given a spelling-pronunciation), from Classical Latin stāre (cf. the juridical Medieval Latin senses).

Pronunciation

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Verb

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ester

  1. (law, rare) to appear
  2. (archaic) to be
Conjugation
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Only used in the infinitive, present participle estant and past participle esté.

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Etymology 2

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From German Essig-Äther (acetic acid ethyl ester).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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ester m (plural esters)

  1. (organic chemistry) ester

Further reading

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Anagrams

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Indonesian

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Indonesian Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia id

Etymology

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Internationalism, borrowed from Dutch ester, from German Ester.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈɛs.tər/
  • Rhymes: -tər
  • Hyphenation: es‧têr

Noun

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estêr (plural ester-ester, first-person possessive esterku, second-person possessive estermu, third-person possessive esternya)

  1. (organic chemistry) ester

Further reading

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Ladin

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Etymology 1

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From Latin exterus, from exter.

Adjective

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ester m (feminine singular estera, masculine plural esters, feminine plural esteres)

  1. foreign, overseas

Etymology 2

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Inherited from Early Medieval Latin essere, from Latin esse.

Alternative forms

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Verb

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ester

  1. to be
Conjugation
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  • Ladin conjugation varies from one region to another. Hence, the following conjugation should be considered as typical, not as exhaustive.

Middle English

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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From Old English ēaster.

Noun

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ester (plural esters)

  1. Easter (Christian holiday)
    • c. 1280, “Vita sancti Brendani, Abbatis de Hybernia”, in Carl Horstmann, editor, The Early South English Legendary or Lives of Saints[2], London: N. Trübner & Co., published 1887, page 224:
      To a stede ȝe schulle hunne wende : þurf oure louerdes grace, / Þat is foweles parays : a wel ioyful place : / Þer ȝe schulle þis ester beo : & þis wit-sonedai also.
      (please add an English translation of this quotation)
    • c. 1300, Robert of Gloucester, edited by William Aldis Wright, The Metrical Chronicle of Robert of Gloucester, London: Eyre and Spottiswoode, published 1887, page 556:
      Þre siþe he ber croune aȝer · to midewinter at gloucestre · / To witesonetid at westmunstre · to ester at wincestre ·
      (please add an English translation of this quotation)
    • a. 1402, “De regione lodœœ”, in John Trevisa, transl., edited by Joseph Rawson Lumby, Polychronicon, page 111:
      Mysbyleued men mysdede neuere þat chirche ; and þat is, as me troweþ, for euery ȝere an Ester eue comeþ fire from heuene, and tendeþ and liȝteþ þe lamps þerynne ; but whan þat miracle bygan first, hit is vncertayne and vnknowe.
      (please add an English translation of this quotation)

References

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ēster(n, n., MED14534.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.

Norwegian Bokmål

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Noun

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ester m (definite singular esteren, indefinite plural estere, definite plural esterne)

  1. Estonian

Synonyms

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Old French

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Etymology

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From Late Latin or Vulgar Latin estō, from Latin stō. Forms in -ac- and -ui/-eü-/-i- originates from Vulgar Latin *statiō, *stūtum (perfect *stuī), all are from statum. The indicative present forms bear similarities with endings of the suppletive verb aler and must have contained from vois, the origin of -ois in estois and other forms, however, are unclear (see also Modern French vais).

Compare with estre, whose later merged and resulting some forms reflecting the forms of ester.

Pronunciation

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Verb

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ester

  1. to be
  2. to stay; to remain

Usage notes

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According to the Anglo-Norman On-Line Hub, "[i]t is not always possible to make a valid distinction between and ester and estre".[1]

Conjugation

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This verb conjugates as a first-group verb ending in -er. This verb is highly irregular. Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.

Descendants

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(mainly blended into descendants of estre)

References

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  1. ^ ester on the Anglo-Norman On-Line Hub. Retrieved August 29 2016

Polish

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Polish Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia pl

Etymology

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Borrowed from German Ester.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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ester m inan

  1. (organic chemistry) ester

Declension

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Usually in the plural.

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noun

Further reading

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  • ester in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
  • ester in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Romanian

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Etymology

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Borrowed from French ester.

Noun

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ester m (plural esteri)

  1. ester

Declension

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Swedish

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Etymology 1

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Borrowed from German Ester.

Noun

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ester c

  1. (organic chemistry) an ester
Declension
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Declension of ester 
Singular Plural
Indefinite Definite Indefinite Definite
Nominative ester estern estrar estrarna
Genitive esters esterns estrars estrarnas

Etymology 2

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See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Noun

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ester

  1. indefinite plural of est

Anagrams

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Welsh

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Etymology

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Internationalism borrowed from English ester.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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ester m (plural esterau)

  1. (organic chemistry) ester

Derived terms

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Further reading

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  • Delyth Prys, J.P.M. Jones, Owain Davies, Gruffudd Prys (2006) Y Termiadur: termau wedi'u safoni; standardised terminology[3] (in Welsh), Cardiff: Awdurdod cymwysterau, cwricwlwm ac asesu Cymru (Qualifications curriculum & assessment authority for Wales), →ISBN