Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/dōną: difference between revisions
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==Proto-Germanic== |
==Proto-Germanic== |
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===Etymology=== |
===Etymology=== |
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{{root|gem-pro|ine-pro|*dʰeh₁-}} |
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From two related {{inh|gem-pro|ine-pro|-}} verbs: |
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* Present tense from the perfective {{m|ine-pro|*dʰéh₁t}}, although the o-grade form ''*dʰóh₁t'' is unexpected. |
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* Past tense from the past of the reduplicated imperfective {{m|ine-pro|*dʰédʰeh₁ti}}. |
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Both originate from the root {{m|ine-pro|*dʰeh₁-}}. |
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===Pronunciation=== |
===Pronunciation=== |
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* {{IPA| |
* {{IPA|gem-pro|/ˈdɔː.nɑ̃/}} |
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===Verb=== |
===Verb=== |
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{{gem-verb}} |
{{gem-verb}} |
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# to [[do]], |
# to [[do]], [[make]] |
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# to [[put]], |
# to [[put]], [[place]] |
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==== |
====Inflection==== |
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{{gem-conj-irreg|dōną}} |
{{gem-conj-irreg|dōną}} |
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In all Germanic languages but the ancient ones, the first person singular form ''*dōmi'' is replaced by ''*dō'' by analogy with class II weak verbs. Past forms in ''*-ie-'' in Anglo-Frisian are unexplained. |
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====Related terms==== |
====Related terms==== |
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* {{l|gem-pro|*dēdiz}} |
* {{l|gem-pro|*dēdiz}} |
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* {{l|gem-pro|*dōmaz}} |
* {{l|gem-pro|*dōmaz}} |
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* {{l|gem-pro|*uzdaz}} |
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====Descendants==== |
====Descendants==== |
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* |
* {{desctree|gmw-pro|*dōn}} |
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** Middle English: {{l|enm|don}} |
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*** Scots: {{l|sco|dae}} |
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*** English: {{l|en|do}} |
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* Old Frisian: {{l|ofs|dūa}}, {{l|ofs|duā}}, {{l|ofs|dwā}} |
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** West Frisian: {{l|fy|dwaan}} |
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** Saterland Frisian: {{l|stq|dwo}} |
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* Old Saxon: {{l|osx|dōn}} |
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** Low German: {{l|nds|doon}} |
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* Old Dutch: {{l|odt|duon}} |
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** Dutch: {{l|nl|doen}} |
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*** Afrikaans: {{l|af|doen}} |
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* Old High German: {{l|goh|tuon}} |
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** Middle High German: {{l|gmh|tuon}} |
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*** German: {{l|de|tun}} |
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*** Yiddish: {{l|yi|טאָן|tr=ton}} |
Latest revision as of 10:15, 9 November 2023
Proto-Germanic
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From two related Proto-Indo-European verbs:
- Present tense from the perfective *dʰéh₁t, although the o-grade form *dʰóh₁t is unexpected.
- Past tense from the past of the reduplicated imperfective *dʰédʰeh₁ti.
Both originate from the root *dʰeh₁-.
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]*dōną
Inflection
[edit]Conjugation of *dōną (irregular)
In all Germanic languages but the ancient ones, the first person singular form *dōmi is replaced by *dō by analogy with class II weak verbs. Past forms in *-ie- in Anglo-Frisian are unexplained.
Related terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]- Proto-West Germanic: *dōn
- Old English: dōn, doan — Anglian; doa — Mercian, Northumbrian; doæ, doe — Northumbrian
- Old Frisian: dwā, dwān, duān, duā, dūa
- Old Saxon: dōn, doan, dūan, duon
- Old Dutch: duon
- Old High German: tuon, duon, duan